Enterococcus mundtii

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Enterococcus mundtii is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, oval-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 38-39%. Enterococcus mundtii is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Collins1986; VanHorn1998; Svec2011Bergey; Rossi2016)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (Svec2011Bergey), cow teat, soil and plants. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Found in human breast milk (Jeurink2013).
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Collins1986); (VanHorn1998); (Svec2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; arginine;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 6.5% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 9.6;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 10℃; grows at 45℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; rhamnose; ribose; xylose; amygdalin; dextrin; cellubiose; gentiobiose; lactose; maltose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; arbutin; β-methyl glucoside; methyl mannoside; N-Ac glucosamine; salicin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; β-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase; β-mannosidase; trypsin;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Collins1986); (Svec2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • Pigments:
  • yellow
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (VanHorn1998);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Macrolides:
  • quinupristin-dalfopristin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tigecycline;
  • tetracycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin; streptomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • linezolid;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Lactobacillales Family:  Enterococcaceae Genus:  Enterococcus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Oval-shaped Pigment:  yellow
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (Svec2011Bergey), cow teat, soil and plants
    DNA G+C(%):  38-39
    Low T(℃):  10(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    NaCl >6%:  6.5(+)
    pH >8:  9.6(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Arginine:  + Hippurate:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  d(+) Ribose:  + Sorbose:  vr L-Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  + L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  + Dextrin:  + Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  vr Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  vr Sorbitol:  vr Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  d(+) Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  neg Hippurate:  neg Pyruvate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Galactosidase:  d(+) β-Galactosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  + ArgDH:  vr Trypsin:  + AlaPheProAA:  vr LeuAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  vr AlkalineP:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Pigment:  yellow
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  Var(MIC50): >2, MIC90: >16, RNG: (0.25->16)
    gentamicin:  R(500/>1000)RNG: (≤500->1000)
    streptomycin:  R(MIC50): 1000, MIC90: >2000, RNG: (≤1000->2000)
    quin-dalf:  R(MIC50): >2, MIC90: >2, RNG: (≤0.25->2)
    linezolid:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.25->8)
    levofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): >4, MIC90: >4RNG: (0.06->4
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  R(MIC50): >8, MIC90: >8, RNG: (≤2->8)
    tigecycline:  S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.016-2)
    teicoplanin:  Var(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: >16, RNG: (≤0.12->16)
    vancomycin:  Var(MIC50): >1, MIC90: >16, RNG: (0.25->16)
    daptomycin:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.03-8)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ENTEROCOCCUS MUNDTII
  • Collins1986 - Enterococcus mundtii sp. nov.
  • VanHorn1998 - Colonization and microbiology of the motile enterococci in a patient population
  • Svec2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Enterococcaceae, Genus I. Enterococcus
  • Rossi2016 - Mining metagenomic whole genome sequences revealed subdominant but constant Lactobacillus population in the human gut microbiota.
  • Pilon2017 - Purification and characterization of trypsin produced by gut bacteria from Anticarsia gemmatalis.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ENTEROCOCCUS MUNDTII
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR ENTEROCOCCUS MUNDTII
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 22, 2021