Eubacterium nodatum

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Eubacterium nodatum is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 36-38%. Eubacterium nodatum is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Holdeman1980)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and subgingival samples. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal. Robust growth can have negative consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Holdeman1980);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 6.5% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 30℃; grows at 45℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Holdeman1980);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • formate (minor); acetate (minor); butyrate (major); succinate (minor);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚; indole;
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Holdeman1980);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin-sulbactam; ertapenem; penicillin G; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoxitin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • levofloxacin; ofloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;
  • metronidazole;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales incertae sedis Family:  Eubacteriales Family XIII. Incertae Sedis Genus:  Eubacterium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:   Negative
    Source:  human faeces and subgingival samples
    DNA G+C(%):  36-38
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Lower T(℃):  30(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    NaCl >6%:  6.5(neg)
    		Aesculin:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Milk:  neg Meat:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Dextrin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Pectin:  neg Adonitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Lactate:  neg Pyruvate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Formate:  minor(+) Acetate:  minor(+) Butyrate:  Major(+) Succinate:  minor(+) H2:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(≤0.06/0.5)
    amp-sulb:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.25-0.25)
    penicillin_G:  S(2U)
    piper-taz:  S(≤0.06/4)
    ertapenem:  S(0.06/0.5)
    cefoxitin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (1-2)
    erythromycin:  S(3)
    ciprofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.12-16)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.12-4)
    ofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.12-8)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(6)
    chloramphenicol:  S(12)
    metronidazole:  R(MIC50): 8, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.12->64)
    clindamycin:  S(1.6)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR EUBACTERIUM NODATUM
  • Holdeman1980 - Descriptions of Eubacterium timidum sp. nov., Eubacterium brachy sp. nov., and Eubacterium nodatum sp. nov. Isolated from Human Periodontitis.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR EUBACTERIUM NODATUM
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR EUBACTERIUM NODATUM
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: December 15, 2021