Eubacterium siraeum

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Eubacterium siraeum is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 25 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 45%. Eubacterium siraeum is often a widespread coloniser of gut. (Moore1976; Wade2011Bergeys)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Moore1976); (Wade2011Bergeys);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • aesculin; starch;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Doesn't tolerate 20% bile
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 30℃; grows at 37℃; grows at 45, 60(neg)℃; Grows optimally at 37–45℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • cellubiose; lactose; maltose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • β-glucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Moore1976); (Wade2011Bergeys);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; butyrate (minor); lactate (minor); ethanol; succinate (minor); H₂;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced

  • N/A

  • Eubacterium siraeum has been reported for biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid and Klebsiella pneumoniae have a phospholipase D family protein as a novel virulence factor. [PMID: 30413731] Eubacterium siraeum is able to degrade wheat bran, contributing to the beneficial effects of cereal fiber in human health through their impact on the gut microbiota. [PMID: 29232848]

  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website]

    The genus Eubacterium contains anaerobic, non-spore-forming, gram-positive rods which are distinguished from other genera mainly on the basis of negative metabolic characteristics. In the human intestinal tract, Eubacterium is the second most common genus after the genus Bacteroides and is more common than the genus Bifidobacterium. The importance of members of the genus Eubacterium has been reported previously. [PMID: 10618251]

  • Moore, W. E. C., Johnson, J. L., & Holdeman, L. V. (1976). Emendation of Bacteroidaceae and Butyrivibrio and descriptions of Desulfomonas gen. Nov. And ten new species in the genera Desulfomonas, Butyrivibrio, Eubacterium, Clostridium, and Ruminococcus. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 26(2), 238–252.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Eubacteriaceae Genus:  Eubacterium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  45
    Opt. T:  37–45℃
    Lower T(℃):  30(neg)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+), 60(neg)
    Bile reaction(%):  20(neg)
    		Aesculin:  d Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  d Milk:  neg Meat:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Cellubiose:  w(+) Lactose:  w(+) Maltose:  w(+) Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Starch:  w Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg Galactose:  neg Mannose:  w Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg Xylose:  vr Maltose:  w Melibiose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Adonitol:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Gluconate:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inulin:  neg Mannitol:  neg Salicin:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Pyruvate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  d β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Butyrate:  minor(+) Lactate:  minor(+) Ethanol:  + Succinate:  minor(+) H2S:  neg H2:  + Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR EUBACTERIUM SIRAEUM
  • Moore1976 - Emendation of Bacteroidaceae and Butyrivibrio and Descriptions of Desulfomonas gen. nov. and Ten New Species in the Genera Desulfomonas, Butyrivibrio, Eubacterium, Clostridium, and Ruminococcus.
  • Wade2011Bergeys - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Eubacteriaceae, Genus I. Eubacterium
  • DeAngelis2013 - Fecal microbiota and metabolome of children with autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified
  • Debyser2016 - Faecal proteomics: A tool to investigate dysbiosis and inflammation in patients with cystic fibrosis
  • ElMouzan2018 - Microbiota profile in new-onset pediatric Crohn's disease: data from a non-Western population
  • Kim2020a - Altered Gut Microbiome Profile in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
  • Zhu2020 - Metagenome-wide association of gut microbiome features for schizophrenia
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR EUBACTERIUM SIRAEUM
  • Browne2016 - Culturing of 'unculturable' human microbiota reveals novel taxa and extensive sporulation.
  • Chen2020 - Structural and Functional Characterization of the Gut Microbiota in Elderly Women With Migraine
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Jeong2021 - The effect of taxonomic classification by full-length 16S rRNA sequencing with a synthetic long-read technology
  • Jie2017 - The gut microbiome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • Karlsson2013 - Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control
  • King2019 - Baseline human gut microbiota profile in healthy people and standard reporting template.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • LeChatelier2013 - Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers
  • Nielsen2014 - MetaHIT Consortium. Identification and assembly of genomes and genetic elements in complex metagenomic samples without using reference genomes.
  • Qin2012 - Metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Rothschild2018 - Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota.
  • Salonen2014 - Impact of diet and individual variation on intestinal microbiota composition and fermentation products in obese men.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Urban2020 - Altered Fecal Microbiome Years after Traumatic Brain Injury
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Wang2018 - A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in asthma in UK adults
  • Wang2018a - Morphine induces changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome in a morphine dependence model.
  • Wang2020a - Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR EUBACTERIUM SIRAEUM
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: February 08, 2021