Ezakiella coagulans

(aka Bacteroides coagulans)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Ezakiella coagulans, (aka Bacteroides coagulans), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 8 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 37%. Ezakiella coagulans is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Eggerth1933; Song2010Bergeys)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Eggerth1933); (Song2010Bergeys);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • gelatin; milk;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate pH 8.5;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 25℃; doesn't grow at 45℃;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; alkaline phosphatase; arginine dihydrolase; Glu-Glu arylamidase; Gly arylamidase; Leu arylamidase; pyrrolidine arylamidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • Leu-Gly arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Eggerth1933); (Song2010Bergeys);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • formate (minor); acetate (minor); lactate (minor); succinate (minor); Hâ‚‚S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced

  • Eggerth, A. H., & Gagnon, B. H. (1933). The Bacteroides of human feces. Journal of Bacteriology, 25(4), 389–413.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Bacteroidia Order:  Bacteroidales Family:  Bacteroidaceae Genus:  Ezakiella Alt. name:  Bacteroides coagulans Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  37
    Lower T(℃):  25(neg)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    pH >8:  8.5(neg)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Milk:  + Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg D-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Glycogen:  neg Xylan:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  + GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  + GluGluAA:  + GlyAA:  + LeuAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  d PyrrolidAA:  + AlkalineP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    Acetate, Succinate

    		Formate:  minor(+) Acetate:  minor(+) Lactate:  minor(+) Succinate:  minor(+) H2S:  + Indole:  +

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR EZAKIELLA COAGULANS
  • Eggerth1933 - The Bacteroides of Human Feces.
  • Oren2020 - List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published
  • Song2010Bergeys - Bacteroides. In Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology: Vol. 4. The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR EZAKIELLA COAGULANS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Finegold1974 - Effect of diet on human fecal flora: comparison of Japanese and American diets
  • Finegold1977 - Fecal microbial flora in Seventh Day Adventist populations and control subjects.
  • Holdeman1976 - Human fecal flora: variation in bacterial composition within individuals and a possible effect of emotional stress.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Woodmansey2004 - Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
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    • Added: April 08, 2021