Fusobacterium gonidiaformans

(aka Bacillus gonidiaformans)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Fusobacterium gonidiaformans, (aka Bacillus gonidiaformans), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 14 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. Fusobacterium gonidiaformans is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Gharbia2010Bergey; Tunnicliff1925)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Gharbia2010Bergey); (Tunnicliff1925);
    Character Response
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Doesn't tolerate bile
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • glucose;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Gharbia2010Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Citron2012); (Goldstein2006); (Goldstein2000a); (Goldstein1999a); (Goldstein1999b);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin-sulbactam; imipenem; penicillin; penicillin G; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefotaxime; cefoxitin;
  • Macrolides:
  • telithromycin;
  • clarithromycin; erythromycin; roxithromycin;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; gatifloxacin; levofloxacin; sparfloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; telithromycin;

  • Finegold, S. M., Howard, R. A., & Vera, L. S. (1974). Effect of diet on human intestinal fecal flora: comparison of Japanese and American diets. Am. J. Clin. Nutr, 27, 1456–1469.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Fusobacteria Class:  Fusobacteriia Order:  Fusobacteriales Family:  Fusobacteriaceae Genus:  Fusobacterium Alt. name:  Bacillus gonidiaformans Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces
    Bile reaction(%):  neg
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Milk:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Mannose:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Fructose:  neg Glucose:  w(+) Mannose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  w Esterase(C4):  neg EstLip(C8):  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  +
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.015-0.25)
    amp-sulb:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.06–0.25)
    penicillin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.015, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.015-16)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): ≤0.015, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.015–16)
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.06, RNG: (0.06–32)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.015, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.015–0.125)
    cefotaxime:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 8, RNG: (≤0.015->32)
    cefoxitin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.06–2)
    azithromycin:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.06-32)
    erythromycin:  R(MIC50): 8, MIC90: 32, RNG: (1->32)
    clarithromycin:  R(MIC50): 8, MIC90: 32, RNG: (≤0.015-32)
    roxithromycin:  R(MIC50): 16, MIC90: >32, RNG: (2->32)
    telithromycin:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 4, RNG: (≤0.015–8)
    ciprofloxacin:  R(MIC50): >8, MIC90: >8, RNG: (1–>8)
    gatifloxacin:  R(MIC50): 8, MIC90: >8, RNG: (≤0.03–>8)
    levofloxacin:  R(MIC50): >8, MIC90: >8, RNG: (2–>8)
    moxifloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.125–>16)
    sparfloxacin:  R(MIC50): >8, MIC90: >8, RNG: (≤0.03–>8)
    trovafloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.25-4)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    vancomycin:  R(MIC50): 512, MIC90: >8, 192)
    chloramphenicol:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.5–2)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.125-0.5)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.015-2)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR FUSOBACTERIUM GONIDIAFORMANS
  • Gharbia2010Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 4, The Fusobacteria. Family Fusobacteriaceae, Genus I. Fusobacterium
  • Citron2012 - In vitro activities of CB-183,315, vancomycin, and metronidazole against 556 strains of Clostridium difficile, 445 other intestinal anaerobes, and 56 Enterobacteriaceae species.
  • Goldstein2006 - In vitro activity of moxifloxacin against 923 anaerobes isolated from human intra-abdominal infections.
  • Goldstein2000a - Comparative In vitro activities of ertapenem (MK-0826) against 1,001 anaerobes isolated from human intra-abdominal infections.
  • Goldstein1999a - Activity of gatifloxacin compared to those of five other quinolones versus aerobic and anaerobic isolates from skin and soft tissue samples of human and animal bite wound infections.
  • Goldstein1999b - Activities of telithromycin (HMR 3647, RU 66647) compared to those of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, and other antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes.
  • Tunnicliff1925 - Bacillus Gonidiaformans (N.SP.): An Hitherto Undescribed Organism.
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR FUSOBACTERIUM GONIDIAFORMANS
  • Benno1986 - Comparison of the fecal microflora in rural Japanese and urban Canadians.
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Finegold1974 - Effect of diet on human fecal flora: comparison of Japanese and American diets
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • Nielsen2014 - MetaHIT Consortium. Identification and assembly of genomes and genetic elements in complex metagenomic samples without using reference genomes.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
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    • Added: April 08, 2021