Geobacillus vulcani

(aka Bacillus vulcani)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Geobacillus vulcani, (aka Bacillus vulcani), is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 53.0%. Geobacillus vulcani is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Caccamo2000; Nazina2004; Logan2011cBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and marine thermal vent. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Caccamo2000); (Nazina2004); (Logan2011cBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; gelatin; starch;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 1% salt; tolerates 3.0% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 5.5; tolerates pH 6.0-8.0; tolerates pH 9.0;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 37℃; grows at 72℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; ribose; xylose; amygdalin; glycogen; starch; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; melezitose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; glycerol; α-methyl glucoside; N-Ac glucosamine; salicin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • aesculin; melibiose; starch; citrate; malate; phenylacetate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Caccamo2000); (Nazina2004); (Logan2011cBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Methyl red test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • ONPG test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
  • NOTES

    Can utilise n-alkanes and gelatin as carbon sources.

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Caryophanales Family:  Bacillaceae Genus:  Geobacillus Alt. name:  Bacillus vulcani Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and marine thermal vent
    DNA G+C(%):  53.0
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  72(+)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  1(+)
    NaCl 3-5%:  3.0(+)
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5.5(+)
    pH 6.0-8.0:  6.0-8.0(+)
    pH >8:  9.0(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Gelatin:  + Starch:  + Casein:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + L-Sorbose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  d(+) Melibiose:  d(+) Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Amygdalin:  d(+) Glycogen:  + Inulin:  neg Starch:  d(+) Adonitol:  neg Glycerol:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  d(+) Me-α-D-Mann:  neg NAc-α-GA:  + Salicin:  d(+)
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  d(+) Aesculin:  + Starch:  + Acetate:  neg Citrate:  + Formate:  neg Lactate:  neg Malate:  + Phenylacetate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Phe deaminase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR GEOBACILLUS VULCANI
  • Caccamo2000 - Bacillus vulcani sp. nov., a novel thermophilic species isolated from a shallow marine hydrothermal vent.
  • Nazina2004 - Geobacillus gargensis sp. nov., a novel thermophile from a hot spring, and the reclassification of Bacillus vulcani as Geobacillus vulcani comb. nov.
  • Logan2011cBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Bacilliaceae, Genus VII. Geobacillus
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR GEOBACILLUS VULCANI
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR GEOBACILLUS VULCANI
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021