Glutamicibacter protophormiae

(aka Arthrobacter protophormiae)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Glutamicibacter protophormiae, (aka Arthrobacter protophormiae), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, club-shaped-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 63.2-65.9%. Glutamicibacter protophormiae is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Busse2016; Stackebrandt1983)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, soil and flies. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Busse2016); (Stackebrandt1983);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • gelatin; tyrosine;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • casein; xanthine;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 7% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at pH 6.0-8.5.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 35℃; grows at 75℃;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • cellubiose; gluconate; glycerol; maltose; δ-aminovalerate; arginine; aspartate; glycine; histidine; proline; threonine; acetate; caproate; caprylate; citrate; heptanoate; 4-hydroxybenzoate; 5-ketogluconate; DL-lactate; L-malate; propionate; succinate; valerate; L-asparagine; D-malate;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • γ-aminobutyrate; leucine; malonate;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Busse2016);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Micrococcales Family:  Micrococcaceae Genus:  Glutamicibacter Alt. name:  Arthrobacter protophormiae Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Club rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, soil and flies
    DNA G+C(%):  63.2-65.9
    Mid T(℃):  35(+)
    High T(℃):  75(+)
    NaCl >6%:  7(+)
    Opt. pH:  6.0-8.5
    		Gelatin:  + Starch:  neg Casein:  d(neg) Tyrosine:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Glucose:  neg Xylose:  neg Lactose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Dextrin:  neg Starch:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  neg Galactose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  neg Maltose:  + Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg D-Turanose:  neg Trehalose:  neg N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  neg Amygdalin:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  + Glycerol:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Salicin:  neg Starch:  neg Xylitol:  neg 4-Aminobutyrate:  d 5-Aminovalerate:  + Arg:  + Asp:  + Gly:  + His:  + Leu:  d Pro:  + Thr:  + Acetate:  + Adipate:  neg Caproate:  + Caprylate:  + Citrate:  + Heptanoate:  + 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  + 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  + DL-Lactate:  + Levulinate:  neg L-Malate:  + Malonate:  d(neg) Propionate:  + Succinate:  + Valerate:  +

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR GLUTAMICIBACTER PROTOPHORMIAE
  • Busse2016 - Review of the taxonomy of the genus Arthrobacter, emendation of the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato, proposal to reclassify selected species of the genus Arthrobacter in the novel genera Glutamicibacter gen. nov., Paeniglutamicibacter gen. nov., Pseudoglutamicibacter gen. nov., Paenarthrobacter gen. nov. and Pseudarthrobacter gen. nov., and emended description of Arthrobacter roseus.
  • Stackebrandt1983 - Taxonomic Studies on Arthrobacter nicotianae and Related Taxa: Description of Arthrobacter uratoxydans sp. nov. and Arthrobacter sulfureus sp. nov. and Reclassification of Brevibacterium protophormiae as Arthrobacter protophormiae comb. nov.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR GLUTAMICIBACTER PROTOPHORMIAE
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
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    • Added: December 15, 2021