Granulicatella para-adiacens

(aka Abiotrophia para-adiacens)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Granulicatella para-adiacens, (aka Abiotrophia para-adiacens), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 6 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 36-37.4%. Granulicatella para-adiacens is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Lawson2011bBergey; Kanamoto2000; Walker2011)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (endocarditis, bacteremia, blood and endovascular infections - Senn2006) and human faeces. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Lawson2011bBergey); (Kanamoto2000);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 6.5% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 10℃; doesn't grow at 45℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; sucrose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • β-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase; pyrrolidine arylamidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; β-glucuronidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Lawson2011bBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Senn2006);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • meropenem;
  • Macrolides:
  • clarithromycin; erythromycin; quinupristin-dalfopristin;
  • Quinolines:
  • levofloxacin;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin; teicoplanin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Lactobacillales Family:  Carnobacteriaceae Genus:  Granulicatella Alt. name:  Abiotrophia para-adiacens Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (endocarditis, bacteremia, blood and endovascular infections - Senn2006) and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  36-37.4
    Low T(℃):  10(neg)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    NaCl >6%:  6.5(neg)
    		Urea:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Glucose:  + Ribose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Lactose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  d α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  d(+) β-Glucuronidase:  d ArgDH:  neg LeuAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  + AlkalineP:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    meropenem:  Sens
    erythromycin:  Sens
    clarithromycin:  Sens
    quin-dalf:  Sens
    levofloxacin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    teicoplanin:  S(<0.25)
    vancomycin:  S(1.5)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR GRANULICATELLA PARA-ADIACENS
  • Lawson2011bBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Carnobacteriaceae, Genus X. Granulicatella
  • Senn2006 - Bloodstream and endovascular infections due to Abiotrophia defectiva and Granulicatella species.
  • Giongo2011 - Toward defining the autoimmune microbiome for type 1 diabetes
  • Kanamoto2000 - Genetic Heterogeneities and Phenotypic Characteristics of Strains of the Genus Abiotrophia and Proposal of Abiotrophia para-adiacens sp. nov.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR GRANULICATELLA PARA-ADIACENS
  • Bik2006 - Molecular analysis of the bacterial microbiota in the human stomach.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Wang2005 - Comparison of bacterial diversity along the human intestinal tract by direct cloning and sequencing of 16S rRNA genes.
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    • Added: December 13, 2021