Helicobacter cinaedi

(aka Campylobacter cinaedi)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Helicobacter cinaedi, (aka Campylobacter cinaedi), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, microaerophilic, motile, helical-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 6 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 37-38%. Helicobacter cinaedi is probably a rare gut coloniser. (TrivettMoore1997; On2005Bergey; Vandamme1991a; On2005Bergey; Totten1985)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, clinical sources (blood - CCUG) and animals. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: human and animal pathogen). Is a known human pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (TrivettMoore1997); (On2005Bergey); (Vandamme1991a); (On2005Bergey); (Totten1985);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 2% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 25℃; grows at 37℃; doesn't grow at 42℃;
  • Active enzymes:
  • acid phosphatase; esterase C4; oxidase; naphthol-ASBI-P;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (On2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Methyl red test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (TrivettMoore1997); (On2005Bergey); (Vandamme1991a); (On2005Bergey); (Totten1985);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoperazone;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin; spectinomycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; sulfamethoxazole; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • trimethoprim;
  • NOTES

    Media containing 1% glycine does not support growth.

  • Engberg, J., On, S. L., Harrington, C. S., & Gerner-Smidt, P. (2000). Prevalence of Campylobacter, Arcobacter, Helicobacter, and Sutterella spp. in human fecal samples as estimated by a reevaluation of isolation methods for Campylobacters. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 38(1), 286–291.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Epsilonproteobacteria Order:  Campylobacterales Family:  Helicobacteraceae Genus:  Helicobacter Alt. name:  Campylobacter cinaedi Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  microaerophilic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Helical Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, clinical sources (blood - CCUG) and animals
    DNA G+C(%):  37-38
    Lower T(℃):  25(neg)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  42(neg)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  2(neg)
    		Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Casein:  neg Tyrosine:  neg Hippurate:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Glucose:  vr Mannose:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  vr Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg γ-Glu transf.:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  vr AcidP:  + Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  Sens
    cefoperazone:  R(64)
    cefoxitin:  I(30)
    gentamicin:  Sens
    spectinomycin:  Sens
    streptomycin:  Var
    erythromycin:  Var
    nalidixic-acid:  S(30)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  Sens
    tetracycline:  Sens
    rifampicin:  Sens
    chloramphenicol:  Sens
    metronidazole:  Var
    sulfamethoxazole:  S(<4)
    trimethoprim:  Res
    SXT:  S(<8)
    clindamycin:  Var

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR HELICOBACTER CINAEDI
  • TrivettMoore1997 - Helicobacter westmeadii sp. nov., a new species isolated from blood cultures of two AIDS patients.
  • On2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Helicobacteraceae, Genus I. Helicobacter
  • Vandamme1991a - Revision of Campylobacter, Helicobacter, and Wolinella Taxonomy: Emendation of Generic Descriptions and Proposal of Arcobacter gen. nov.
  • On2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Helicobacteraceae, Genus I. Helicobacter
  • Totten1985 - Campylobacter cinaedi (sp. nov.) and Campylobacter fennelliae (sp, nov.): Two New Campylobacter Species Associated with Enteric Disease in Homosexual Men.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR HELICOBACTER CINAEDI
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR HELICOBACTER CINAEDI
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: April 08, 2021