Kluyvera ascorbata

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Kluyvera ascorbata is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 6 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 56.1%. Kluyvera ascorbata is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Farmer1985; Farmer1981; Farmer2005aBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (Alkhalil2017), and clinical sources (urine - CCUG). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Kluyvera ascorbata in 8% of Europeans, Kluyvera ascorbata_B also with 8% (unseenbio.com). Minor coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Farmer1985); (Farmer1981); (Farmer2005aBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arabinose; L-arabinose; galactose; glucose; mannose; rhamnose; xylose; amygdalin; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; mucate; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; mannitol; 5-ketogluconate; α-methyl glucoside; salicin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • melibiose; citrate;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • acetate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; lycine decarboxylase; ornithine decarboxylase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Farmer1985); (Farmer1981); (Farmer2005aBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S;
  • ✓
  • Methyl red test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • ONPG test:
  • active
  • KCN growth:
  • growth observed
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Farmer1981); (Farmer2005aBergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin; carbenicillin; penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cephalothin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin; kanamycin; tobramycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • sulfadiazine;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin;

  • McLaughlin, S. D., Walker, A. W., Churcher, C., Clark, S. K., Tekkis, P. P., Johnson, M. W., Parkhill, J., Ciclitira, P. J., Dougan, G., Nicholls, R. J., & Petrovska, L. (2010). The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing. Annals of Surgery, 252(1), 90–98.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Enterobacterales Family:  Enterobacteriaceae Genus:  Kluyvera Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (Alkhalil2017), and clinical sources (urine - CCUG)
    DNA G+C(%):  56.1
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Tyrosine:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  + L-Arabinose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Amygdalin:  + Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  w Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  + Me-α-D-Glc:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  + Acetate:  d Citrate:  + Malonate:  w
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  vr α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  + OrnDC:  + Phe deaminase:  neg DNAse:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  + Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  R(MIC50): 16, MIC90: >32, RNG: (0.5-32)
    carbenicil:  R(MIC50): >128, MIC90: >512, RNG: (8-512)
    penicillin_G:  R(10U)
    cephalothin:  R(MIC50): <32, MIC90: <128, RNG: (4->128)
    amikacin:  S(MIC50): <1, MIC90: <2, RNG: (0.5-4)
    gentamicin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: <0.5, RNG: (<0.25-1)
    kanamycin:  S(MIC50): <2, MIC90: <4, RNG: (<1-8)
    streptomycin:  Var(MIC50): 10; disc), MIC90: Var(10; disc
    tobramycin:  S(MIC50): <0.5, MIC90: <0.5, RNG: (0.25-2)
    nalidixic-acid:  Var(MIC50): 30; disc), MIC90: Var(30; disc
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: >8, RNG: (0.5->32)
    chloramphenicol:  Var(MIC50): <4, MIC90: 8, RNG: (1->64)
    sulfadiazine:  S(250; disc, variable)
    colistin:  S(10; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR KLUYVERA ASCORBATA
  • Farmer1985 - Biochemical identification of new species and biogroups of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from clinical specimens.
  • Farmer1981 - Kluyvera, a new (redefined) genus in the family Enterobacteriaceae: identification of Kluyvera ascorbata sp. nov. and Kluyvera cryocrescens sp. nov. in clinical specimens.
  • Farmer2005aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Gammaproteobacteria Part B. Family Enterobacteriaceae, Genus XVII. Kluyvera
  • Zhao2019a - Metagenome of Gut Microbiota of Children With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR KLUYVERA ASCORBATA
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Woodmansey2004 - Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR KLUYVERA ASCORBATA
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
  • Alkhalil2017 - Bacterial involvements in ulcerative colitis: molecular and microbiological studies
    • Added: April 08, 2021