Kluyvera cryocrescens

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Kluyvera cryocrescens is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 55.1%. Kluyvera cryocrescens is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Farmer1981)



  • This organism has been recovered from sewage, soil, clinical sources (blood - CCUG) and human faeces (high load in several ulcerative colitis patients - Alkhalil2017). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. Could be a possible pathogen in humans, but unknown at this stage. A possible gut commensal. Robust growth can have negative consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Farmer1981);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; galactose; glucose; mannose; rhamnose; xylose; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; mucate; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; α-methyl glucoside; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • sorbitol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • citrate; malonate; mucate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; β-galactosidase; lycine decarboxylase; ornithine decarboxylase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Farmer1981);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S;
  • ✓
  • Methyl red test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • ONPG test:
  • active
  • KCN growth:
  • growth observed
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Farmer1981);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin; tobramycin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Enterobacterales Family:  Enterobacteriaceae Genus:  Kluyvera Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:   Negative
    Source:  sewage, soil, clinical sources (blood - CCUG) and human faeces (high load in several ulcerative colitis patients - Alkhalil2017)
    DNA G+C(%):  55.1
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Tyrosine:  neg Pectin:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  w Inositol:  neg Sorbitol:  d Me-α-D-Glc:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Acetate:  w Citrate:  + Malonate:  + Mucate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + ArgDC:  neg LysDC:  + OrnDC:  + Phe deaminase:  neg DNAse:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  + Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  RNG: (0.5->32)
    carbenicil:  RNG: (8->512)
    cephalothin:  RNG: (4-128)
    amikacin:  SensRNG: (0.5-4)
    gentamicin:  SensRNG: (<0.25-1)
    kanamycin:  RNG: (1-8)
    tobramycin:  SensRNG: (<0.25-2)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  RNG: (0.5->32)
    chloramphenicol:  RNG: (4->64)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR KLUYVERA CRYOCRESCENS
  • Farmer1981 - Kluyvera, a new (redefined) genus in the family Enterobacteriaceae: identification of Kluyvera ascorbata sp. nov. and Kluyvera cryocrescens sp. nov. in clinical specimens.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR KLUYVERA CRYOCRESCENS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR KLUYVERA CRYOCRESCENS
  • Alkhalil2017 - Bacterial involvements in ulcerative colitis: molecular and microbiological studies
    • Added: January 04, 2022