Kytococcus sedentarius

(aka Micrococcus sedentarius)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Kytococcus sedentarius, (aka Micrococcus sedentarius), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 68-69%. Kytococcus sedentarius is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Stackebrandt1995)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised people. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Stackebrandt1995);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • gelatin;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 6-10% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 28-36℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • arginine; leucine; lysine; methionine; tyrosine; valine;
  • Active enzymes:
  • arginine dihydrolase; catalase; α-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase; lycine decarboxylase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • oxidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Stackebrandt1995);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Nitrite:
  • not reduced
  • ±
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced by few strains
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Stackebrandt1995);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • oxacillin; penicillin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • bacitracin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;
  • nitrofurantoin;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin; teicoplanin;

  • Pfleiderer, A., Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Robert, C., Vialettes, B., & Raoult, D. (2013). Culturomics identified 11 new bacterial species from a single anorexia nervosa stool sample. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases: Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 32(11), 1471–1481.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Micrococcales Family:  Dermacoccaceae Genus:  Kytococcus Alt. name:  Micrococcus sedentarius Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  68-69
    Opt. T:  28-36℃
    NaCl >6%:  6-10(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Starch:  neg Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Glycogen:  neg Mannitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arg:  d(+) Leu:  d(+) Lys:  d(+) Met:  + Tyr:  d(+) Val:  d(+) Citrate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  d(neg) Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  + LysDC:  + LeuAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AcidP:  vr Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  vr Lecithinase:  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    oxacillin:  Res
    penicillin:  Res
    gentamicin:  Sens
    erythromycin:  Res
    ciprofloxacin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  Sens
    teicoplanin:  Sens
    vancomycin:  Sens
    bacitracin:  Sens
    chloramphenicol:  Sens
    nitrofurantoin:  Res

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR KYTOCOCCUS SEDENTARIUS
  • Stackebrandt1995 - Taxonomic Dissection of the Genus Micrococcus: Kocuria gen. nov., Nesterenkonia gen. nov., Kytococcus gen. nov., Dermacoccus gen. nov., and Micrococcus Cohn 1872 gen. emend.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR KYTOCOCCUS SEDENTARIUS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Pfleiderer2013 - Culturomics identified 11 new bacterial species from a single anorexia nervosa stool sample.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021