Lacrimispora saccharolytica

(aka Clostridium saccharolyticum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Lacrimispora saccharolytica, (aka Clostridium saccharolyticum), is a Gram-negative, spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 9 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 28%. Lacrimispora saccharolytica is a common gut coloniser. (Murray1982; Rainey2011gBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from anaerobic sewage sludge. 8844 - a closely related bacterium (S16 95%) - was detected in human faeces (probably transient). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • In 99% of Europeans (unseenbio.com).
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Murray1982); (Rainey2011gBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; starch;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • milk;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 6.0-8.0; tolerates pH 8.8;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 17℃; grows at 43℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • adonitol; amygdalin; aesculin; fructose; galactose; glucose; inositol; maltose; mannose; melibiose; rhamnose; ribose; raffinose; sorbose; trehalose; pyruvate;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Murray1982); (Rainey2011gBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; lactate (trace); ethanolminor; pyruvate (trace); ammonia; CO₂; H₂; indole;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Sulfate:
  • not reduced

  • N/A

  • Strain WM1 is unable to digest cellulose, but it could use a wide range of sugars, including cellobiose. Metabolic products detected in cellobiose-yeast extract broth after 7 days of incubation include acetic acid, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, ethanol, and traces of pyruvic and lactic acids (adapted from 1982, Int. J. System. Bact. 32:132-135). [UP000001662]

    Clostridium saccharolyticum, an obligate anaerobe, which can convert cellulose hydrolysis products to ethanol, acetic acid, H2, and CO2, grew well in a synthetic salt̐vitamin medium when supplemented with 1% yeast extract. [https://doi.org/10.1139/m83-058]

  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website]

    Clostridium saccharolyticum strain WM1 was obtained from a methanogenic cellulose-enrichment culture started from sewage sludge. The bacteria grows as non-motile, mesophilic, strictly anaerobic cells which awere straight, spindle shaped rods, approximately 0.6 by 3.0 um. Spores, which are round and terminally located in the cells, are present in cultures 3 or more days old. Strain WM1 is unable to digest cellulose, but it could use a wide range of sugars, including cellobiose. Metabolic products detected in cellobiose-yeast extract broth after 7 days of incubation include acetic acid, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, ethanol, and traces of pyruvic and lactic acids (adapted from 1982, Int. J. System. Bact. 32:132-135). [UP000001662]

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Lachnospiraceae Genus:  Lacrimispora Alt. name:  Clostridium saccharolyticum Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  anaerobic sewage sludge. 8844 - a closely related bacterium (S16 95%) - was detected in human faeces (probably transient)
    DNA G+C(%):  28
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Lower T(℃):  17(+)
    High T(℃):  43(+)
    pH 6.0-8.0:  6.0-8.0(+)
    pH >8:  8.8(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  + Casein:  neg Milk:  curdle Meat:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Ribose:  + Sorbose:  + Xylose:  w Cellubiose:  w Lactose:  w Maltose:  w(+) Melezitose:  w Melibiose:  + Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  w Trehalose:  + Adonitol:  + Amygdalin:  + Cellulose:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Aesculin:  + Glycerol:  w Glycogen:  neg Inositol:  + Inulin:  neg Mannitol:  w Salicin:  w Sorbitol:  neg Starch:  neg Lactate:  neg Pyruvate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Lecithinase:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Lactate:  trace(+) Ethanol:  minor Pyruvate:  trace(+) Ammonia:  + CO2:  + H2:  + Indole:  +

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR LACRIMISPORA SACCHAROLYTICA
  • Haas2020 - Reclassification of the Clostridium clostridioforme and Clostridium sphenoides clades as Enterocloster gen. nov. and Lacrimispora gen. nov., including reclassification of 15 taxa.
  • Bedarf2017 - Functional implications of microbial and viral gut metagenome changes in early stage L-DOPA-naïve Parkinson's disease patients
  • Murray1982 - Clostridium saccharolyticum sp. nov., a Saccharolytic Species from Sewage Sludge.
  • Rainey2011gBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae, Genus I. Clostridium - Cluster XIVa
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR LACRIMISPORA SACCHAROLYTICA
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • King2019 - Baseline human gut microbiota profile in healthy people and standard reporting template.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • LeChatelier2013 - Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • Qin2012 - Metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes
  • Wang2020a - Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR LACRIMISPORA SACCHAROLYTICA
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: February 08, 2021