Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis

(aka Lactobacillus lactis)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis, (aka Lactobacillus lactis), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 49-51%. Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Weiss1983; Hammes2011Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from milk, cheese, compressed yeast and grain mash. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Weiss1983); (Hammes2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • arginine;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 5.5; tolerates pH 6.2;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 15℃; grows at 48℃; Grows optimally at 40-44℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; lactose; maltose; sucrose; trehalose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • galactose; amygdalin; aesculin; cellubiose; salicin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • lysine aminopeptidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Weiss1983); (Hammes2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • lactate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚S; indole;
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Goldstein2006c); (Citron2003);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin; imipenem; penicillin G; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoxitin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; tigecycline;
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • moxifloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; linezolid;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Lactobacillales Family:  Lactobacillaceae Genus:  Lactobacillus Alt. name:  Lactobacillus lactis Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  milk, cheese, compressed yeast and grain mash
    DNA G+C(%):  49-51
    Opt. T:  40-44℃
    Low T(℃):  15(neg)
    High T(℃):  48(+)
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5.5(+)
    pH 6.0-8.0:  6.2(+)
    		Gelatin:  neg Casein:  neg Arginine:  d
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Galactose:  d(neg) Glucose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  d Lactose:  d(+) Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Amygdalin:  d Aesculin:  d Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Gluconate:  neg Salicin:  d
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg LysAP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Lactate:  + H2S:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.03–8)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.015–16)
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.03–>16)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.015–8)
    meropenem:  Var(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: >16, RNG: (0.03–>16)
    cefoxitin:  R(MIC50): 64, MIC90: >128, RNG: (0.06–>128)
    linezolid:  S(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.5–16)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.125–8)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.125–16)
    tetracycline:  R(7.8-125)
    tigecycline:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.06–1)
    teicoplanin:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: >64, RNG: (0.06–>64)
    vancomycin:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: >32, RNG: (0.25–>32)
    bacitracin:  Var(MIC50): 8, MIC90: 128, RNG: (0.5–>128)
    metronidazole:  R(MIC50): >128, MIC90: >128, RNG: (0.5–>128)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.03–>128)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR LACTOBACILLUS DELBRUECKII SUBSP. LACTIS
  • Weiss1983 - Lactobacillus lactis, Lactobacillus leichmannii and Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Subjective Synonyms of Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and Description of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis comb. nov. and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus comb. nov.
  • Hammes2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Lactobacillaceae, Genus I. Lactobacillus
  • Goldstein2006c - Comparative in vitro susceptibilities of 396 unusual anaerobic strains to tigecycline and eight other antimicrobial agents.
  • Citron2003 - In vitro activities of ramoplanin, teicoplanin, vancomycin, linezolid, bacitracin, and four other antimicrobials against intestinal anaerobic bacteria.
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR LACTOBACILLUS DELBRUECKII SUBSP. LACTIS
  • Finegold1977 - Fecal microbial flora in Seventh Day Adventist populations and control subjects.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Woodmansey2004 - Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects.
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    • Added: February 09, 2022