Lactococcus plantarum

(aka Streptococcus plantarum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Lactococcus plantarum, (aka Streptococcus plantarum), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 36.9-38.1%. Lactococcus plantarum is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Schleifer1985; Teuber2011Bergey; Collins1983)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and frozen peas. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • QUIRKS
  • In 5% of Europeans (unseenbio.com). Rare coloniser. Probiotic.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Schleifer1985); (Teuber2011Bergey); (Collins1983);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 4% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 10℃; doesn't grow at 45℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; glucose; mannose; amygdalin; dextrin; cellubiose; maltose; melezitose; sucrose; trehalose; mannitol; sorbitol; arbutin; β-methyl glucoside; N-Ac glucosamine; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • gentiobiose; D-turanose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • β-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase; β-mannosidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • α-galactosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Schleifer1985); (Teuber2011Bergey); (Collins1983);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced

  • Woodmansey, E. J., McMurdo, M. E. T., Macfarlane, G. T., & Macfarlane, S. (2004). Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(10), 6113–6122.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Lactobacillales Family:  Streptococcaceae Genus:  Lactococcus Alt. name:  Streptococcus plantarum Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus Pigment:  neg
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces, and frozen peas
    DNA G+C(%):  36.9-38.1
    Low T(℃):  10(+)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    NaCl 3-5%:  4(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Arginine:  neg Hippurate:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  d Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Turanose:  d Amygdalin:  + Dextrin:  + Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  + Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Galactosidase:  d β-Galactosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  + ArgDH:  neg AlaPheProAA:  neg LeuAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Pigment:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR LACTOCOCCUS PLANTARUM
  • Schleifer1985 - Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and Related Streptococci to the Genus Lactococcus gen. nov.
  • Teuber2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Streptococcaceae, Genus II. Lactococcus
  • Collins1983 - Streptococcus garvieae sp. nov. and Streptococcus plantarum sp. nov.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR LACTOCOCCUS PLANTARUM
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Woodmansey2004 - Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR LACTOCOCCUS PLANTARUM
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021