Latilactobacillus curvatus

(aka Lactobacillus curvatus)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Latilactobacillus curvatus, (aka Lactobacillus curvatus), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, variably-motile, rod-shaped - curved bacterium. It has been detected in at least 7 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 42–44%. Latilactobacillus curvatus is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Walter2008; Torriani1996; Hammes2011hBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (Sanz2007), clinical sources (cerebrospinal fluid, joint, blood - CCUG), cow dung, fermented food and silage. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Torriani1996); (Hammes2011hBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 10(d)% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • strain-variable at 4(d); grows at 20℃; grows at 40℃; doesn't grow at 45℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; ribose; amygdalin; cellubiose; maltose; sucrose; trehalose; N-Ac glucosamine;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • mannose; lactose; salicin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala-Phe-Pro arylamidase; alkaline phosphatase; catalase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Torriani1996); (Hammes2011hBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • lactate (major);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • penicillin;
  • oxacillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefotaxime;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • streptomycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;
  • nitrofurantoin;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;

  • Woodmansey, E. J., McMurdo, M. E. T., Macfarlane, G. T., & Macfarlane, S. (2004). Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(10), 6113–6122.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Lactobacillales Family:  Lactobacillaceae Genus:  Latilactobacillus Alt. name:  Lactobacillus curvatus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  vr Morphology:  Rod - curved
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces (Sanz2007), clinical sources (cerebrospinal fluid, joint, blood - CCUG), cow dung, fermented food and silage
    DNA G+C(%):  42–44
    Low T(℃):  4(d)
    Lower T(℃):  20(+)
    Mid T(℃):  40(+)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    NaCl >6%:  10(d(neg))
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Casein:  neg Arginine:  neg Hippurate:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  d D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  d(+) Gentiobiose:  vr Lactose:  d(neg) Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  d(+) Trehalose:  d(+) Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  d(+) Dextrin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  + Salicin:  d(neg)
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  vr AlaPheProAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Lactate:  Major(+) H2S:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    oxacillin:  R(16-64)
    penicillin:  SensRNG: (0.5-4)
    cefotaxime:  SensRNG: (0.125-1)
    streptomycin:  R(16-64)
    tobramycin:  RNG: (2-8)
    erythromycin:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 32, RNG: (0.25-128)
    ofloxacin:  RNG: (8-16)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  R(MIC50): 16, MIC90: 256, RNG: (2-512)
    vancomycin:  R(≥256-)
    chloramphenicol:  SensRNG: (1-4)
    nitrofurantoin:  R(128-≥256)
    clindamycin:  RNG: (8-64)
    lincomycin:  RNG: (0.5-16)
    novobiocin:  RNG: (4-32)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR LATILACTOBACILLUS CURVATUS
  • Zheng2020 - A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae.
  • Walter2008 - Ecological role of lactobacilli in the gastrointestinal tract: implications for fundamental and biomedical research.
  • Torriani1996 - Lactobacillus curvatus subsp. curvatus subsp. nov. and Lactobacillus curvatus subsp. melibiosus subsp. nov. and Lactobacillus sake subsp. sake subsp. nov. and Lactobacillus sake subsp. carnosus subsp. nov., New Subspecies of Lactobacillus curvatus Abo-Elnaga and Kandler 1965 and Lactobacillus sake Katagiri, Kitahara, and Fukami 1934 (Klein et al. 1996, Emended Descriptions), Respectively.
  • Hammes2011hBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Lactobacillaceae, Genus I. Latilactobacillus
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR LATILACTOBACILLUS CURVATUS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Woodmansey2004 - Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR LATILACTOBACILLUS CURVATUS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
  • Sanz2007 - Differences in faecal bacterial communities in coeliac and healthy children as detected by PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
    • Added: April 08, 2021