Ligilactobacillus ruminis

(aka Lactobacillus ruminis)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Ligilactobacillus ruminis, (aka Lactobacillus ruminis), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, anaerobic, pili-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 23 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 44–47%. Ligilactobacillus ruminis is often a widespread coloniser of gut. (Hammes2011eBergey; Heeney2017; Rossi2016; Walter2008; Sharpe1973)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, rumen, and sewage. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Hammes2011eBergey); (Sharpe1973);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; amygdalin; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; arbutin; N-Ac glucosamine; salicin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • melibiose;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Hammes2011eBergey); (Sharpe1973);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚S; indole;

  • N/A

  • It has been convincingly shown that various cell surface structures of bacteria, such as S-layers and hair-like appendages (pili), are involved in the interactions with the host cells by promoting adherence to the epithelial lining. In the genus Lactobacillus, L. ruminis is one of the few motile and piliated species. Flagella may facilitate the penetration of the mucus layer by L. ruminis, and via its pili and other cell surface molecules, this bacterium may subsequently come into direct contact with intestinal epithelial cells, leading to its colonization and intimate interactions with the host. [PMID: 28450859]

  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website]

    Lactobacilli are normal inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract of man and animals where they are widely considered to exert a number of beneficial roles including immunomodulation, interference with enteric pathogens, and maintenance of a healthy intestinal microflora. The genus Lactobacillus presently comprises more than 50 recognized species of non pathogenic bacteria which in addition to their probiotic effects are useful to human as indispensable agents for the fermentation of foods and feed. Lactobacillus ruminis (strain ATCC 27782 / RF3) is a probiotic Gram-positive bacterium first isolated from the faeces of humans in 1960 and subsequently from the bovine rumen. L. ruminis is considered to be a member of the autochthonous microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). It is unusual among the lactobacilli as it is one of only 14 members of this genus to be characterised as being motile. L. ruminis is also of interest because its immunomodulatory characteristics, specifically its ability to stimulate tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and nuclear-factor _B (NF- B) production in monocytes. (Adapted from PMID: 21995554). [UP000001279]

  • Lerche, M & G Reuter (1961). Isolierung und Differenzierung anaerober Lacotbacilleae aus Darm erwachsener Menschen. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. 182: 324-356.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Lactobacillales Family:  Lactobacillaceae Genus:  Ligilactobacillus Alt. name:  Lactobacillus ruminis Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Pili Morphology:  Rod
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces, rumen, and sewage
    DNA G+C(%):  44–47
    		Aesculin:  + Gelatin:  neg Casein:  neg Arginine:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  vr Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  + Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR LIGILACTOBACILLUS RUMINIS
  • Zheng2020 - A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae.
  • Hammes2011eBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Lactobacillaceae, Genus I. Ligilactobacillus
  • Heeney2017 - Intestinal Lactobacillus in health and disease, a driver or just along for the ride?
  • Rossi2016 - Mining metagenomic whole genome sequences revealed subdominant but constant Lactobacillus population in the human gut microbiota.
  • Walter2008 - Ecological role of lactobacilli in the gastrointestinal tract: implications for fundamental and biomedical research.
  • Bhute2017 - Gut Microbial Diversity Assessment of Indian Type-2-Diabetics Reveals Alterations in Eubacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes
  • Debyser2016 - Faecal proteomics: A tool to investigate dysbiosis and inflammation in patients with cystic fibrosis
  • Nobili2018 - Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the gut microbiome of children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: which strains act as health players?
  • Yamashiro2017 - Gut dysbiosis is associated with metabolism and systemic inflammation in patients with ischemic stroke
  • Sharpe1973 - Two New Species of Lactobacillus Isolated from the Bovine Rumen, Lactobacillus ruminis sp. nov. and Lactobacillus vitulinus sp. nov.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR LIGILACTOBACILLUS RUMINIS
  • Almeida2019 - A new genomic blueprint of the human gut microbiota.
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Heilig2002 - Molecular diversity of Lactobacillus spp. and other lactic acid bacteria in the human intestine as determined by specific amplification of 16S ribosomal DNA.
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Jie2017 - The gut microbiome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • King2019 - Baseline human gut microbiota profile in healthy people and standard reporting template.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Li2019b - Disordered intestinal microbes are associated with the activity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  • Minerbi2019 - Altered microbiome composition in individuals with fibromyalgia
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • Nielsen2014 - MetaHIT Consortium. Identification and assembly of genomes and genetic elements in complex metagenomic samples without using reference genomes.
  • Pandey2012 - Comparative analysis of fecal microflora of healthy full-term Indian infants born with different methods of delivery (vaginal vs cesarean): Acinetobacter sp. prevalence in vaginally born infants.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Rothschild2018 - Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • Zupancic2012 - Analysis of the Gut Microbiota in the Old Order Amish and Its Relation to the Metabolic Syndrome.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR LIGILACTOBACILLUS RUMINIS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: February 08, 2021