Listeria grayi

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Listeria grayi is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 41-42.5%. Listeria grayi is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Rocourt1992; Wilkinson1977; Orsi2016; Mclauchlin2011Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (CCUG), clinical sources, food and vegetation. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Rocourt1992); (Wilkinson1977); (Orsi2016); (Mclauchlin2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; DNA; starch;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • hippurate;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 10% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 5℃; grows at 45℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; ribose; xylose; dextrin; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; melezitose; melibiose; raffinose; trehalose; D-turanose; adonitol; D-arabitol; dulcitol; glycerol; mannitol; 5-ketogluconate; α-methyl glucoside; β-methyl glucoside; methyl mannoside; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • mannose; rhamnose; amygdalin; gentiobiose; xylitol; arbutin; gluconate; N-Ac glucosamine;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • glucose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • malate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • D-alanine peptidase; acid phosphatase; N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; catalase; chymotrypsin; cystine arylamidase; DNase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; lecithinase; leucine esterase; lysine aminopeptidase; α-mannosidase; β-mannosidase; phosphoamidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • esterase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Rocourt1992); (Wilkinson1977); (Orsi2016); (Mclauchlin2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✓
  • Methyl red test:
  • active
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Wilkinson1977);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • penicillin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin; oleandomycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • chlortetracycline; oxytetracycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • streptomycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;
  • sulfanilamide;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • novobiocin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Listeriaceae Genus:  Listeria Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (CCUG), clinical sources, food and vegetation
    DNA G+C(%):  41-42.5
    Low T(℃):  5(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    NaCl >6%:  10(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  d(+) Casein:  neg Arginine:  neg DNA:  + Tyrosine:  neg Hippurate:  d Tween:  80(+)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  d D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  d(neg) Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  + L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  d Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  d(+) Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  + Turanose:  + Amygdalin:  d Dextrin:  + Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  + D-Arabitol:  + L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  d(+) Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  d Arbutin:  d Gluconate:  d 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  + Me-α-D-Glc:  + Me-α-D-Mann:  + Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  d Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Glucose:  + Melibiose:  neg Acetate:  neg Citrate:  neg Malate:  d(neg) Malonate:  neg Propionate:  neg Pyruvate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-α-glcamnd:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  + β-Mannosidase:  + D-AlaninePA:  + ArgDH:  neg Chymotrypsin:  + LysAP:  + AlaPheProAA:  neg CystineAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  + DNAse:  + Esterase:  d Lecithinase:  d(+) Leu esterase:  + Phosphoamidase:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    penicillin:  Sens
    streptomycin:  Sens
    erythromycin:  Sens
    oleandomycin:  Sens
    nalidixic-acid:  Res
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    chlortetracycline:  Sens
    oxytetracycline:  Sens
    tetracycline:  Sens
    chloramphenicol:  Sens
    sulfanilamide:  Res
    novobiocin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR LISTERIA GRAYI
  • Nwaiwu2020 - What are the recognized species of the genus Listeria?.
  • Rocourt1992 - Assignment of Listeria grayi and Listeria murrayi to a Single Species, Listeria grayi, with a Revised Description of Listeria grayi.
  • Wilkinson1977 - A Numerical Taxonomic Survey of Listeria and Related Bacteria.
  • Orsi2016 - Characteristics and distribution of Listeria spp., including Listeria species newly described since 2009
  • Mclauchlin2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Listeriaceae, Genus I. Listeria
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR LISTERIA GRAYI
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR LISTERIA GRAYI
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
  • Vos2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology: Vol. 3. The Firmicutes
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: April 22, 2021