Lysinibacillus fusiformis

(aka Bacillus fusiformis)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Lysinibacillus fusiformis, (aka Bacillus fusiformis), is a Gram-variable, spore-forming, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 6 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 35-36%. Lysinibacillus fusiformis is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Ahmed2007; Logan2011Bergey; Pfleiderer2013)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (Hoyles2012), and soil. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Ahmed2007); (Logan2011Bergey); (Pfleiderer2013);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • casein; gelatin; urea;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 0.5% salt; tolerates 7% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate pH 4.2-5.9; tolerates pH 6.0-8.0; tolerates pH 9.5;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 15℃; grows at 17℃; grows at 40℃; doesn't grow at 41℃;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • cellubiose; fructose; glucose; ribose; alanine; acetate; citrate; formate; 2-ketogluconate; 5-ketogluconate; lactate; pyruvate; succinate; fructose-6-phosphate; N-acetylmannosamine;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • gluconate; malonate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; oxidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • phenylalanine deaminase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Ahmed2007); (Logan2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Ahmed2007);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • streptomycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;

  • Pfleiderer, A., Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Robert, C., Vialettes, B., & Raoult, D. (2013). Culturomics identified 11 new bacterial species from a single anorexia nervosa stool sample. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases: Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 32(11), 1471–1481.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Caryophanales Family:  Caryophanaceae Genus:  Lysinibacillus Alt. name:  Bacillus fusiformis Gram stain:  vr O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces (Hoyles2012), and soil
    DNA G+C(%):  35-36
    Low T(℃):  15(neg)
    Lower T(℃):  17(+)
    Mid T(℃):  40(+)
    High T(℃):  41(neg)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  0.5(+)
    NaCl >6%:  7(+)
    pH 4.2-5.9:  4.2-5.9(neg)
    pH 6.0-8.0:  6.0-8.0(+)
    pH >8:  9.5(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  + Gelatin:  + Casein:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Mannose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  neg D-Turanose:  neg Trehalose:  neg N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  neg Adonitol:  neg Amygdalin:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Aesculin:  neg Gluconate:  d Glycerol:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inositol:  neg Inulin:  neg Mannitol:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Salicin:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Starch:  neg Xylitol:  neg Ala:  + Acetate:  + Citrate:  + Formate:  + 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  + 5-Ketogluconate:  + Lactate:  + Malonate:  d Pyruvate:  + Succinate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Phe deaminase:  d
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  +
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    streptomycin:  R(8,vr)
    erythromycin:  R(1)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(2)
    rifampicin:  S(0.25)
    chloramphenicol:  R(8)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR LYSINIBACILLUS FUSIFORMIS
  • Ahmed2007 - Proposal of Lysinibacillus boronitolerans gen. nov. sp. nov., and transfer of Bacillus fusiformis to Lysinibacillus fusiformis comb. nov. and Bacillus sphaericus to Lysinibacillus sphaericus comb. nov.
  • Logan2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Bacillaceae Genus I. Bacillus
  • Pfleiderer2013 - Culturomics identified 11 new bacterial species from a single anorexia nervosa stool sample.
  • Cassir2015 - Clostridium butyricum Strains and Dysbiosis Linked to Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR LYSINIBACILLUS FUSIFORMIS
  • Cassir2015 - Clostridium butyricum Strains and Dysbiosis Linked to Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
  • Hoyles2012 - Recognition of greater diversity of Bacillus species and related bacteria in human faeces.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Pfleiderer2013 - Culturomics identified 11 new bacterial species from a single anorexia nervosa stool sample.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR LYSINIBACILLUS FUSIFORMIS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
  • Hoyles2012 - Recognition of greater diversity of Bacillus species and related bacteria in human faeces.
    • Added: April 08, 2021