Macrococcus caseolyticus

(aka Staphylococcus caseolyticus)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Macrococcus caseolyticus, (aka Staphylococcus caseolyticus), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 38-39%. Macrococcus caseolyticus is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Kloos1998; Schleifer2011aBergey; Terekhov2018; Schleifer1982)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (CCUG) and clinical sources (newborn infection). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: animal pathogen). Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Kloos1998); (Schleifer2011aBergey); (Schleifer1982);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • aesculin; DNA;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 10% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 35℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; glucose; maltose; trehalose; glycerol;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • sucrose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; oxidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • DNase; pyrrolidine arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Kloos1998); (Schleifer2011aBergey); (Schleifer1982);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • Lysozyme:
  • growth observed
  • ✓
  • Haemolysis:
  • present
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • bacitracin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • novobiocin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Staphylococcaceae Genus:  Macrococcus Alt. name:  Staphylococcus caseolyticus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (CCUG) and clinical sources (newborn infection)
    DNA G+C(%):  38-39
    Opt. T:  35℃
    NaCl >6%:  10(+)
    		Aesculin:  d DNA:  d
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Glucose:  + Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  d Trehalose:  + Turanose:  neg Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Coagulase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg OrnDC:  neg PyrrolidAA:  d AlkalineP:  neg DNAse:  d
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    bacitracin:  Res
    novobiocin:  R(5; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR MACROCOCCUS CASEOLYTICUS
  • Kloos1998 - Delimiting the genus Staphylococcus through description of Macrococcus caseolyticus gen. nov., comb. nov. and Macrococcus equipercicus sp. nov., and Macrococcus bovicus sp. no. and Macrococcus carouselicus sp. nov.
  • Schleifer2011aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Staphylococcaceae, Genus III. Macrococcus
  • Terekhov2018 - Ultrahigh-throughput functional profiling of microbiota communities.
  • Schleifer1982 - Identification of “Micrococcus candidus” ATCC 14852 as a strain of Staphylococcus epidermidis and of “Micrococcus caseolyticus” ATCC 13548 and Micrococcus varians ATCC 29750 as Members of a New Species, Staphylococcus caseolyticus
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR MACROCOCCUS CASEOLYTICUS
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR MACROCOCCUS CASEOLYTICUS
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: October 27, 2021