Mediterraneibacter glycyrrhizinilyticus

(aka Clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Mediterraneibacter glycyrrhizinilyticus, (aka Clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 7 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 45.7-46.2%. Mediterraneibacter glycyrrhizinilyticus is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Togo2018; Sakuma2006; Rainey2011gBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Togo2018); (Sakuma2006); (Rainey2011gBergey);
    Character Response
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; glucose; rhamnose; xylose; lactose; maltose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • arabinosidase; β-galactosidase; β-glucosidase; β-glucuronidase; glutamic acid decarboxylase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Togo2018); (Sakuma2006); (Rainey2011gBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; propionate; butyrate; succinate (minor); H₂;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;

  • Sakuma, K., Kitahara, M., Kibe, R., Sakamoto, M., & Benno, Y. (2006). Clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum sp. nov., a glycyrrhizin-hydrolysing bacterium isolated from human faeces. Microbiology and Immunology, 50(7), 481–485.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Clostridiaceae Genus:  Mediterraneibacter Alt. name:  Clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  45.7-46.2
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Glycerol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg α-Arab:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  + ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  + AlanineAA:  neg ArgAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg HisAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg ProAA:  neg PheAA:  neg PyrogluAA:  neg SerAA:  neg TyrAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Propionate:  + Butyrate:  + Succinate:  minor(+) H2:  + Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR MEDITERRANEIBACTER GLYCYRRHIZINILYTICUS
  • Togo2018 - Description of Mediterraneibacter massiliensis, gen. nov., sp. nov., a new genus isolated from the gut microbiota of an obese patient and reclassification of Ruminococcus faecis, Ruminococcus lactaris, Ruminococcus torques, Ruminococcus gnavus and Clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum as Mediterraneibacter faecis comb. nov., Mediterraneibacter lactaris comb. nov., Mediterraneibacter torques comb. nov., Mediterraneibacter gnavus comb. nov. and Mediterraneibacter glycyrrhizinilyticus comb. nov.
  • Sakuma2006 - Clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum sp. nov., a Glycyrrhizin-Hydrolysing Bacterium Isolated from Human Faeces.
  • Rainey2011gBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae, Genus I. Clostridium - Cluster XIVa
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR MEDITERRANEIBACTER GLYCYRRHIZINILYTICUS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • Nielsen2014 - MetaHIT Consortium. Identification and assembly of genomes and genetic elements in complex metagenomic samples without using reference genomes.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR MEDITERRANEIBACTER GLYCYRRHIZINILYTICUS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021