Mesobacillus subterraneus

(aka Bacillus subterraneus)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Mesobacillus subterraneus, (aka Bacillus subterraneus), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped - curved bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 43%. Mesobacillus subterraneus is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Nazina2001; Kanso2002)



  • This organism has been recovered from an Australian subsurface thermal aquifer. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Is able to reduce Fe(III) and Mn(IV) in addition to Nitrate
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Nazina2001); (Kanso2002);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; gelatin; starch;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 0% salt; tolerates 9% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at pH 7.0-9.0.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 25℃; grows at 45℃; Grows optimally at 30-40℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • ethanol; fructose; glucose; glycerol; maltose; starch; sucrose; xylose; fumarate; lactate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; α-glucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Nazina2001); (Kanso2002);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S;
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • Thiosulfate:
  • not reduced
  • ±
  • Pigments:
  • dark yellow-orange
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Kanso2002);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin; penicillin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • neomycin; spectinomycin; streptomycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Bacillaceae Genus:  Mesobacillus Alt. name:  Bacillus subterraneus Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod - curved Pigment:  dark yellow-orange
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  an Australian subsurface thermal aquifer
    DNA G+C(%):  43
    Opt. T:  30-40℃
    Lower T(℃):  25(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  0(+)
    NaCl >6%:  9(+)
    Opt. pH:  7.0-9.0
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Starch:  + Casein:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Galactose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Adonitol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Fructose:  + Glucose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Maltose:  + Sucrose:  + Ethanol:  + Glycerol:  + Starch:  + Acetate:  neg Butyrate:  neg Fumarate:  + Lactate:  + Succinate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg α-Arab:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg Xylosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg TrpAA:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Pigment:  dark yellow-orange
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  S(10; disc)
    penicillin:  S(10; disc)
    neomycin:  S(10; disc)
    spectinomycin:  S(50; disc)
    streptomycin:  S(50; disc)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(10; disc)
    vancomycin:  S(10; disc)
    chloramphenicol:  S(10; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR MESOBACILLUS SUBTERRANEUS
  • Nazina2001 - Taxonomic study of aerobic thermophilic bacilli: descriptions of Geobacillus subterraneus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Geobacillus uzenensis sp. nov. from petroleum reservoirs and transfer of Bacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus thermocatenulatus, Bacillus thermoleovorans, Bacillus kaustophilus, Bacillus thermodenitrificans to Geobacillus as the new combinations G. stearothermophilus, G. th.
  • Kanso2002 - Bacillus subterraneus sp. nov., an iron- and manganese-reducing bacterium from a deep subsurface Australian thermal aquifer.
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR MESOBACILLUS SUBTERRANEUS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
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    • Added: January 14, 2022