Methylobacterium mesophilicum

(aka Pseudomonas mesophilica)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Methylobacterium mesophilicum, (aka Pseudomonas mesophilica), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 65.8%. Methylobacterium mesophilicum is unlikely to be a gut coloniser. (Green1983; Kato2005; Green2005Bergey; Austin1979)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and plant leaves. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised people. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Obligate aerobe, no spore formation and doesn't grow at 37C, so probably a gut non-coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Green1983); (Kato2005); (Green2005Bergey); (Austin1979);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 3-5% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 10℃; grows at 30℃; doesn't grow at 37℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • D-arabinose; L-arabinose; D-fucose; galactose; glucose; ribose; xylose; L-xylose; D-lyxose; glycerol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • L-arabinose; fucose; galactose; gluconate; glucose; glycerol; xylose; aspartate; glutamate; citrate; malonate; pyruvate; succinate; glutamine;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; catalase; esterase C4; esterase lipase C8; Leu arylamidase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Kato2005); (Green2005Bergey); (Austin1979);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Methyl red test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • ONPG test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • Pigments:
  • pink
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Green2005Bergey); (Austin1979);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin; carbenicillin; penicillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cephalothin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • framycetin; gentamicin; kanamycin; streptomycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • bacitracin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; nitrofurantoin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin; polymyxin B;

  • Walker, A. W., Sanderson, J. D., Churcher, C., Parkes, G. C., Hudspith, B. N., Rayment, N., Brostoff, J., Parkhill, J., Dougan, G., & Petrovska, L. (2011). High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease. BMC Microbiology, 11, 7.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Alphaproteobacteria Order:  Hyphomicrobiales Family:  Methylobacteriaceae Genus:  Methylobacterium Alt. name:  Pseudomonas mesophilica Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  pink
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and plant leaves
    DNA G+C(%):  65.8
    Low T(℃):  10(+)
    Lower T(℃):  30(+)
    Mid T(℃):  37(neg)
    NaCl 3-5%:  3-5(neg)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Casein:  neg Chitin:  neg Tyrosine:  neg Tween:  20(neg) 80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  + L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  neg Fucose:  w D-Fucose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg D-Lyxose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  + L-Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  neg Fucose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  neg Adonitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Gluconate:  + Glycerol:  + Inositol:  neg Inulin:  neg Mannitol:  neg Salicin:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Arg:  neg Asp:  + Betaine:  neg Glu:  + Leu:  neg Norleucine:  neg Pro:  neg Ser:  neg Acetate:  neg Aconitate:  cis(neg) Adipate:  neg Benzoate:  neg Caprate:  neg Citrate:  + 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg Lactate:  neg L-Malate:  neg Malonate:  + Phenylacetate:  neg Pyruvate:  + Sebacate:  vr Succinate:  + D-Tartrate:  neg L-Tartrate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  vr Catalase:  + Urease:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg Phe deaminase:  neg LeuAA:  + AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  + Lecithinase:  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  pink
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  R(10; disc)
    carbenicil:  Res
    penicillin:  R(10U)
    cephalothin:  Res
    framycetin:  Sens
    gentamicin:  S(10; disc)
    kanamycin:  S(10; disc)
    streptomycin:  S(10; disc)
    nalidixic-acid:  Res
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(10; disc)
    bacitracin:  Res
    chloramphenicol:  R(5; disc)
    nitrofurantoin:  Res
    colistin:  Res
    polymyxin_B:  R(10; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR METHYLOBACTERIUM MESOPHILICUM
  • Green1983 - Emendation of Methylobacterium Patt, Cole, and Hanson 1976: Methylobacterium rhodinum (Heumann 1962) comb. nov. corrig.: Methylobacterium radiotolerans (Ito and Iizuka 1971) comb. nov. corrig.: and Methylobacterium mesophilicum (Austin and Goodfellow 1979) comb. nov.
  • Kato2005 - Reclassification of Methylobacterium chloromethanicum and Methylobacterium dichloromethanicum as later subjective synonyms of Methylobacterium extorquens and of Methylobacterium lusitanum as a later subjective synonym of Methylobacterium rhodesianum.
  • Green2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Methylobacteriaceae, Genus I. Methylobacterium
  • Austin1979 - Pseudomonas mesophilica, a New Species of Pink Bacteria Isolated from Leaf Surfaces.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR METHYLOBACTERIUM MESOPHILICUM
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021