Methylobacterium phyllosphaerae

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Methylobacterium phyllosphaerae is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 66.8%. Methylobacterium phyllosphaerae is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Madhaiyan2009)



  • This organism has been recovered from rice and human faeces. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Borderline cold mesophile, with optimum growth temp of 28C. Unlikely gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Madhaiyan2009);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • urea;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 2% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 5.0; tolerates pH 9; Grows optimally at pH 6.8.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 20-30℃; Grows optimally at 28℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • L-arabinose; ethanol; ethanolamine; fructose; fucose; gluconate; gentiobiose; glucose; glycerol; glycogen; inositol; melibiose; methanol; rhamnose; ribose; salicin; sorbitol; sucrose; xylose; alanine; aspartate; glutamate; proline; serine; acetate; aconitate; adipate; citrate; formate; 3-hydroxybutyrate; 3-hydroxybenzoate; 4-hydroxybenzoate; itaconate; 2-ketogluconate; 5-ketogluconate; 2-ketoglutarate; lactate; DL-lactate; malate; malonate; propionate; saccharate; sebacate; succinate; glutamine; L-asparagine; alaninamide; pyroglutamate; α-ketovalerate; α-ketobutyrate; 2-hydroxybutyrate; 4-hydroxybutyrate; methyl succinate; succinamate; methyl pyruvate; urea;
  • Active enzymes:
  • acid phosphatase; arginine dihydrolase; catalase; esterase C4; esterase lipase C8; Leu arylamidase; oxidase; trypsin; urease; naphthol-ASBI-P;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Madhaiyan2009);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Methyl red test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ±
  • Pigments:
  • pinkish-red
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Madhaiyan2009);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin; carbenicillin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin; kanamycin; spectinomycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Alphaproteobacteria Order:  Hyphomicrobiales Family:  Methylobacteriaceae Genus:  Methylobacterium Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  pinkish-red
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  rice and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  66.8
    Opt. T:  28℃
    Lower T(℃):  20-30(+)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  2(neg)
    Opt. pH:  6.8
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5.0(+)
    pH >8:  9(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  + Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Casein:  neg Pectin:  neg Tween:  80(+)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Glucose:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  + Glucose:  + Rhamnose:  + Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Gentiobiose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Ethanol:  + Ethanolamine:  + Gluconate:  + Glycerol:  + Glycogen:  + Inositol:  + Methanol:  + Salicin:  + Sorbitol:  + Ala:  + Asp:  + Glu:  + Pro:  + Ser:  + Acetate:  + Aconitate:  cis(+) Adipate:  + Citrate:  + Formate:  + 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  + 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  + 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  + Itaconate:  + 2-Ketogluconate:  + 5-Ketogluconate:  + Lactate:  + DL-Lactate:  + Malate:  + Malonate:  + Propionate:  + Saccharate:  + Sebacate:  + Succinate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  + Chymotrypsin:  neg Trypsin:  + CystineAA:  neg LeuAA:  + ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  + Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  + Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  pinkish-red
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  R(500)
    carbenicil:  R(500)
    gentamicin:  S(200)
    kanamycin:  S(15)
    spectinomycin:  S(200)
    nalidixic-acid:  R(500)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(100)
    chloramphenicol:  R(500)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR METHYLOBACTERIUM PHYLLOSPHAERAE
  • Madhaiyan2009 - Methylobacterium phyllosphaerae sp. nov., a pink-pigmented, facultative methylotroph from the phyllosphere of rice.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR METHYLOBACTERIUM PHYLLOSPHAERAE
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
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    • Added: December 15, 2021