Methylobacterium radiotolerans

(aka Pseudomonas radiora)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Methylobacterium radiotolerans, (aka Pseudomonas radiora), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 72.3%. Methylobacterium radiotolerans is unlikely to be a gut coloniser. (Green1983; Ito1971; Kato2005; Green2005Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from rice grains and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Obligate aerobe, no spore formation and doesn't grow at 37C, so probably a gut non-coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Green1983); (Ito1971); (Kato2005); (Green2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • urea;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 0.5% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 20-30℃; doesn't grow at 37℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • D-arabinose; L-arabinose; fucose; D-fucose; galactose; glucose; ribose; xylose; L-xylose; D-lyxose; glycerol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • L-arabinose; ethanol; D-fucose; gluconate; glucose; glycerol; methanol; xylose; aspartate; betaine; glutamate; acetate; adipate; benzoate; citrate; 4-hydroxybenzoate; 2-ketogluconate; L-malate; sebacate; succinate; glutamine; D-malate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; catalase; esterase C4; esterase lipase C8; α-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase; oxidase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Ito1971); (Kato2005); (Green2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • H₂S;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
  • ±
  • Pigments:
  • pinkish-red
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Green2005Bergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • carbenicillin; penicillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cephalothin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • framycetin; gentamicin; kanamycin; streptomycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • bacitracin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • nitrofurantoin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin; polymyxin B;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Alphaproteobacteria Order:  Hyphomicrobiales Family:  Methylobacteriaceae Genus:  Methylobacterium Alt. name:  Pseudomonas radiora Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  pinkish-red
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  rice grains and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  72.3
    Lower T(℃):  20-30(+)
    Mid T(℃):  37(neg)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  0.5(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  + Gelatin:  neg Milk:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  + L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  neg Fucose:  + D-Fucose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg D-Lyxose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  + L-Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  neg D-Fucose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Xylose:  + Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  neg Ethanol:  + Gluconate:  + Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  neg Methanol:  + Starch:  neg Asp:  + Betaine:  + Glu:  + Acetate:  + Adipate:  + Benzoate:  + Caprate:  neg Citrate:  + 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  + 2-Ketogluconate:  + L-Malate:  + Phenylacetate:  neg Sebacate:  + Succinate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LeuAA:  + AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  + Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  + Indole:  neg Pigment:  pinkish-red
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    carbenicil:  Res
    penicillin:  Res
    cephalothin:  Res
    framycetin:  Sens
    gentamicin:  Sens
    kanamycin:  Sens
    streptomycin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  Sens
    bacitracin:  Res
    nitrofurantoin:  Res
    colistin:  Res
    polymyxin_B:  Res

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR METHYLOBACTERIUM RADIOTOLERANS
  • Green1983 - Emendation of Methylobacterium Patt, Cole, and Hanson 1976: Methylobacterium rhodinum (Heumann 1962) comb. nov. corrig.: Methylobacterium radiotolerans (Ito and Iizuka 1971) comb. nov. corrig.: and Methylobacterium mesophilicum (Austin and Goodfellow 1979) comb. nov.
  • Ito1971 - Taxonomic Studies on a Radio-resistant Pseudomonas.
  • Kato2005 - Reclassification of Methylobacterium chloromethanicum and Methylobacterium dichloromethanicum as later subjective synonyms of Methylobacterium extorquens and of Methylobacterium lusitanum as a later subjective synonym of Methylobacterium rhodesianum.
  • Green2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Methylobacteriaceae, Genus I. Methylobacterium
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR METHYLOBACTERIUM RADIOTOLERANS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
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    • Added: April 08, 2021