Methylorubrum zatmanii

(aka Methylobacterium zatmanii)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Methylorubrum zatmanii, (aka Methylobacterium zatmanii), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 69.4-70.3%. Methylorubrum zatmanii is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Green2018; Kato2005; Green2005Bergey; Green1988)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and fermentor. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Obligate aerobe; unlikely to be a gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Green2018); (Kato2005); (Green2005Bergey); (Green1988);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • urea;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at pH 7.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 10℃; grows at 37℃; Grows optimally at 25-30℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • D-arabinose; L-arabinose; fructose; fucose; ribose; L-xylose; D-lyxose; glycerol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • ethanol; fructose; glycerol; methanol; aspartate; betaine; glutamate; acetate; citrate; formate; fumarate; DL-lactate; L-malate; malonate; pyruvate; sebacate; succinate; 1,2-propanediol; glutamine; oxoglutarate; D-malate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; oxidase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Green2018); (Kato2005); (Green2005Bergey); (Green1988);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Methyl red test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ±
  • Pigments:
  • pinkish-red
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Green2005Bergey); (Green1988);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • carbenicillin; penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cephalothin;
  • Macrolides:
  • oleandomycin; spiramycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • framycetin; gentamicin; kanamycin; neomycin; streptomycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • bacitracin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • nitrofurantoin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • novobiocin;
  • colistin; polymyxin B;

  • Dubourg, G., Lagier, J. C., Armougom, F., Robert, C., Hamad, I., Brouqui, P., & Raoult, D. (2013). The gut microbiota of a patient with resistant tuberculosis is more comprehensively studied by culturomics than by metagenomics. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases: Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 32(5), 637–645.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Alphaproteobacteria Order:  Hyphomicrobiales Family:  Methylobacteriaceae Genus:  Methylorubrum Alt. name:  Methylobacterium zatmanii Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  pinkish-red
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and fermentor
    DNA G+C(%):  69.4-70.3
    Opt. T:  25-30℃
    Low T(℃):  10(neg)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    Opt. pH:  7
    		Urea:  + Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Casein:  neg DNA:  neg Tween:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  + L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  + D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg D-Lyxose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  w Xylose:  w L-Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  w Fructose:  + D-Fucose:  neg Glucose:  w Mannose:  neg Xylose:  neg Maltose:  neg N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  neg Ethanol:  + Gluconate:  neg Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  neg Methanol:  + Arg:  neg Asp:  + Betaine:  + Glu:  + Gly:  neg Histamine:  neg Sarcosine:  neg Tryptamine:  neg Val:  neg Acetate:  + Adipate:  neg Caprate:  neg Citrate:  + Formate:  + Fumarate:  + 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg DL-Lactate:  + L-Malate:  + Malonate:  + Phenol:  neg Phenylacetate:  neg Propionate:  neg Pyruvate:  + Sebacate:  + Succinate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  + β-Galactosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Lecithinase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  pinkish-red
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    carbenicil:  Res
    penicillin_G:  Res
    cephalothin:  Sens
    framycetin:  Sens
    gentamicin:  Sens
    kanamycin:  Sens
    neomycin:  Sens
    streptomycin:  Sens
    oleandomycin:  Res
    spiramycin:  Res
    nalidixic-acid:  Res
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  Sens
    bacitracin:  Res
    nitrofurantoin:  Res
    novobiocin:  Sens
    colistin:  Res
    polymyxin_B:  Res

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR METHYLORUBRUM ZATMANII
  • Green2018 - Review of the genus Methylobacterium and closely related organisms: a proposal that some Methylobacterium species be reclassified into a new genus, Methylorubrum gen. nov.
  • Kato2005 - Reclassification of Methylobacterium chloromethanicum and Methylobacterium dichloromethanicum as later subjective synonyms of Methylobacterium extorquens and of Methylobacterium lusitanum as a later subjective synonym of Methylobacterium rhodesianum.
  • Green2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Methylobacteriaceae, Genus I. Methylobacterium
  • Cassir2015 - Clostridium butyricum Strains and Dysbiosis Linked to Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
  • Green1988 - Three New Methylobacterium Species: M. rhodesianum sp. nov., M. zatmanii sp. nov., and M. fujisawaense sp. nov.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR METHYLORUBRUM ZATMANII
  • Cassir2015 - Clostridium butyricum Strains and Dysbiosis Linked to Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
  • Dubourg2013 - The gut microbiota of a patient with resistant tuberculosis is more comprehensively studied by culturomics than by metagenomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021