Mogibacterium timidum

(aka Eubacterium timidum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Mogibacterium timidum, (aka Eubacterium timidum), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 45-46%. Mogibacterium timidum is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Nakazawa2000; Editorial2011bBergey; Holdeman1980)



  • This organism has been recovered from dental disease and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. Known to cause illness. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Nakazawa2000); (Editorial2011bBergey); (Holdeman1980);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 6.5% salt;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Doesn't tolerate 20% bile
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 30℃; grows at 37℃; grows at 45℃;
  • Active enzymes:
  • pyrrolidine arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Nakazawa2000); (Editorial2011bBergey); (Holdeman1980);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • formate (minor); acetate (minor); succinate (minor); Hâ‚‚ (trace);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • butyrate; isobutyrate; isovalerate; ammonia; indole;
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Goldstein2018a); (Goldstein2013a); (Tyrrell2012); (Holdeman1980);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin; ampicillin-sulbactam; imipenem; penicillin G;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline; tigecycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; levofloxacin; moxifloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin; dalbavancin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; linezolid;

  • Woodmansey, E. J., McMurdo, M. E. T., Macfarlane, G. T., & Macfarlane, S. (2004). Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(10), 6113–6122.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Mogibacteriaceae Genus:  Mogibacterium Alt. name:  Eubacterium timidum Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  dental disease and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  45-46
    Lower T(℃):  30(neg)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    NaCl >6%:  6.5(neg)
    Bile reaction(%):  20(neg)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Milk:  neg Meat:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Dextrin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Pectin:  neg Adonitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Lactate:  neg Pyruvate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  + AlkalineP:  neg Lecithinase:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Formate:  minor(+) Acetate:  minor(+) Butyrate:  neg Isobutyrate:  neg Succinate:  minor(+) Isovalerate:  neg Ammonia:  neg H2:  trace(+) Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.015-0.25)
    ampicillin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03–1)
    amp-sulb:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.03–2)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): ≤0.03, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.03-0.5)
    piper-taz:  Var(MIC50): 0.02, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.02-16)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (≤0.015-0.5)
    cefalexin:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.25-8)
    azithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.03-0.25)
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.03-0.25)
    fidaxomicin:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 128, RNG: (0.25–256)
    quin-dalf:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.02-1)
    linezolid:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.25–8)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.5-2)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.06-2)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–8)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.06-8)
    tigecycline:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.06–0.5)
    dalbavancin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06-2)
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.25-2)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 1, RNG: (≤0.03-2)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.03-0.25)
    daptomycin:  Var(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.06->32)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR MOGIBACTERIUM TIMIDUM
  • Nakazawa2000 - Description of Mogibacterium pumilum gen. nov., sp. nov. and Mogibacterium vescum gen. nov., sp. nov., and reclassification of Eubacterium timidum (Holdeman et al. 1980) as Mogibacterium timidum gen. nov., comb. nov.
  • Editorial2011bBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Clostridiales, Family XIII. Incertae Sedis, Genus II. Mogibacterium
  • Goldstein2018a - Comparative In Vitro Activities of Relebactam, Imipenem, the Combination of the Two, and Six Comparator Antimicrobial Agents against 432 Strains of Anaerobic Organisms, Including Imipenem-Resistant Strains.
  • Goldstein2013a - Comparative in vitro activities of SMT19969, a new antimicrobial agent, against Clostridium difficile and 350 gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic intestinal flora isolates.
  • Tyrrell2012 - In vitro activity of TD-1792, a multivalent glycopeptide-cephalosporin antibiotic, against 377 strains of anaerobic bacteria and 34 strains of Corynebacterium species.
  • Holdeman1980 - Descriptions of Eubacterium timidum sp. nov., Eubacterium brachy sp. nov., and Eubacterium nodatum sp. nov. Isolated from Human Periodontitis.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR MOGIBACTERIUM TIMIDUM
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Woodmansey2004 - Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR MOGIBACTERIUM TIMIDUM
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021