Moraxella osloensis

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Moraxella osloensis is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 7 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 43-43.5%. Moraxella osloensis is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Bovre1967; Juni2005aBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (blood, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid - CCUG) and human faeces, and is parasitic. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: human and animal pathogen). It is an opportunistic pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Obligate aerobe; unlikely to be a gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Bovre1967); (Juni2005aBergey);
    Character Response
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 37℃; Grows optimally at 33-37℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • ethanol;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; catalase; esterase; esterase lipase C8; Leu arylamidase; oxidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • lipase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Bovre1967); (Juni2005aBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ±
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • strain dependent
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Juni2005aBergey); (Goldstein2000);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • moxalactam;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; minocycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • levofloxacin; moxifloxacin;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Pseudomonadales Family:  Moraxellaceae Genus:  Moraxella Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (blood, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid - CCUG) and human faeces, and is parasitic
    DNA G+C(%):  43-43.5
    Opt. T:  33-37℃
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg DNA:  neg Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Fructose:  neg Glucose:  vr Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Ethanol:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg γ-Glu transf.:  vr OrnDC:  neg LeuAA:  + AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  vr Esterase:  + Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  + Lipase:  d Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    penicillin:  Var
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.015–0.5)
    moxalactam:  S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.12-16)
    azithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.03–0.5)
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.25–1)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.015, MIC90: 0.06, RNG: (≤0.015–0.06)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.015, MIC90: 0.06, RNG: (≤0.015–0.06)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–1)
    minocycline:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03–0.5)
    tetracycline:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125–0.5)
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): 0.8, MIC90: 0.8, RNG: (8–>8)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR MORAXELLA OSLOENSIS
  • Bovre1967 - A new Moraxella species, Moraxella osloensis, and a revised description of Moraxella nonliquefaciens.
  • Bovre1979 - Proposal to Divide the Genus Moraxella Lwoff 1939 emend. Henriksen and Bovre 1968 into Two Subgenera, Subgenus Moraxella (Lwoff 1939) Bovre 1979 and Subgenus Branhamella (Catlin 1970) Bovre 1979.
  • Juni2005aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Gammaproteobacteria Part B. Family Moraxellaceae, Genus I. Moraxella
  • Goldstein2000 - Comparative in vitro activities of GAR-936 against aerobic and anaerobic animal and human bite wound pathogens.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR MORAXELLA OSLOENSIS
  • Bik2006 - Molecular analysis of the bacterial microbiota in the human stomach.
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • Dubourg2013 - The gut microbiota of a patient with resistant tuberculosis is more comprehensively studied by culturomics than by metagenomics.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • Pfleiderer2013 - Culturomics identified 11 new bacterial species from a single anorexia nervosa stool sample.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR MORAXELLA OSLOENSIS
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: April 08, 2021