Mycobacterium abscessus

(aka Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Mycobacterium abscessus, (aka Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus), is a Gram-variable, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 64.1%. Mycobacterium abscessus is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Kusunoki1992; Leao2011; Magee2012Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (sputum, respiratory tract, blood - CCUG) and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: human and animal pathogen). It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Kusunoki1992); (Leao2011); (Magee2012Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; urea;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 5% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 10℃; grows at 28℃; grows at 37℃; doesn't grow at 45℃;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • N-acetylglucosamine; gluconate; mannose; salicin; trehalose; β-alanine; γ-aminobutyrate; leucine; ornithine; proline; serine; acetate; fumarate; 3-hydroxybutyrate; phenylacetate; propionate; putrescine;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; catalase; esterase lipase C8; α-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase; pyrrolidine arylamidase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Kusunoki1992);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • penicillin G;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tigecycline;
  • doxycycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; gatifloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • isoniazid;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Mycobacteriales Family:  Mycobacteriaceae Genus:  Mycobacterium Alt. name:  Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus Gram stain:  vr O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (sputum, respiratory tract, blood - CCUG) and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  64.1
    Low T(℃):  10(neg)
    Lower T(℃):  28(+)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    NaCl 3-5%:  5(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  + Gelatin:  neg Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Glycogen:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  + N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  + Adonitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Salicin:  + Sorbitol:  neg Ala:  neg β-Ala:  + 4-Aminobutyrate:  + Asp:  neg His:  neg Leu:  + Orn:  + Phe:  neg Pro:  + Ser:  + Trp:  neg Acetate:  + Aconitate:  cis(neg) Adipate:  neg Azelate:  neg Citrate:  neg Fumarate:  + Glutarate:  neg 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  + 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg Itaconate:  neg DL-Lactate:  neg L-Malate:  neg Mesaconate:  neg Phenylacetate:  + Propionate:  + Pyruvate:  neg Suberate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + Urease:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  vr β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  vr GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  + LeuAA:  + ProAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  + AlkalineP:  vr AcidP:  vr Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  + Lipase(C14):  vr
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    penicillin_G:  R(>32)
    azithromycin:  RNG: (0.5->64)
    clarithromycin:  RNG: (0.06-64)
    roxithromycin:  RNG: (0.25->64)
    telithromycin:  RNG: (0.12->64)
    josamycin:  RNG: (8->64)
    ciprofloxacin:  R(MIC50): >16, MIC90: >16, RNG: (8->16)
    gatifloxacin:  R(MIC50): >16, MIC90: >32, RNG: (2->32)
    levofloxacin:  RNG: (1-64)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  R(>128)
    minocycline:  RNG: (0.25->64)
    tigecycline:  SensRNG: (≤0.06-1)
    isoniazid:  R(10; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR MYCOBACTERIUM ABSCESSUS
  • Kusunoki1992 - Proposal of Mycobacterium peregrinum sp. nov., nom. rev., and Elevation of Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus (Kubica et al.) to Species Status: Mycobacterium abscessus comb. nov.
  • Leao2011 - Proposal that Mycobacterium massiliense and Mycobacterium bolletii be united and reclassified as Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii comb. nov., designation of Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus subsp. nov. and emended description of Mycobacterium abscessus.
  • Tortoli2016 - Emended description of Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus and Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii and designation of Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense comb. nov.
  • Magee2012Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 5, The Actinobacteria. Part A & B. Mycobacteriaceae, Genus I. Bifidobacterium
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR MYCOBACTERIUM ABSCESSUS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021