Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

(aka Mycobacterium paratuberculosis)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, (aka Mycobacterium paratuberculosis), is a Gram-variable, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, coccobacillus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 69.3%. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Thorel1990; Magee2012Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from diseased cattle. Implicated as a contributing factor in Crohn's disease. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. Is a known human pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Difficult to cultivate. Pathogenic. Unlikely coloniser in healthy people.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Thorel1990); (Magee2012Bergey);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 5% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 25℃; grows at 42℃; Grows optimally at 37-42℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • pyruvate;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • catalase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Mycobacteriales Family:  Mycobacteriaceae Genus:  Mycobacterium Alt. name:  Mycobacterium paratuberculosis Gram stain:  vr O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccobacillus Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  diseased cattle. Implicated as a contributing factor in Crohn's disease
    DNA G+C(%):  69.3
    Opt. T:  37-42℃
    Lower T(℃):  25(neg)
    High T(℃):  42(+)
    NaCl 3-5%:  5(neg)
    		Urea:  neg Tween:  80(d)
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Pyruvate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  d Urease:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg AcidP:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Pigment:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM SUBSP. PARATUBERCULOSIS
  • Thorel1990 - Numerical Taxonomy of Mycobactin-Dependent Mycobacteria, Emended Description of Mycobacterium avium, and Description of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium subsp. nov., Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis subsp. nov., and Mycobacterium avium subsp. silvaticum subsp. nov.
  • Magee2012Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 5, The Actinobacteria. Part A & B. Mycobacteriaceae, Genus I. Bifidobacterium
  • Heidarian2019 - Altered fecal bacterial composition correlates with disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease and the extent of IL8 induction
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM SUBSP. PARATUBERCULOSIS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
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    • Added: January 14, 2022