Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a Gram-variable, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 65.6%. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is unlikely to be a gut coloniser. (Magee2012Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from cases of tuberculosis. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 3, i.e., high risk of individual infection, and some risk of spread (notes: vaccine available, zoonotic pathogen). This is a dangerous pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Magee2012Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • urea;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 5% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at pH 6.4-7.0.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • Active enzymes:
  • acid phosphatase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; enoxacin; garenoxacin; gatifloxacin; levofloxacin; moxifloxacin; ofloxacin; pefloxacin; sparfloxacin;
  • trovafloxacin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifapentine;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Mycobacteriales Family:  Mycobacteriaceae Genus:  Mycobacterium Gram stain:  vr O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  cases of tuberculosis
    DNA G+C(%):  65.6
    Opt. T:  37℃
    NaCl 3-5%:  5(neg)
    Opt. pH:  6.4-7.0
    		Urea:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  + AcidP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  S(0.5)
    streptomycin:  RNG: (1-2)
    linezolid:  Var
    ciprofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06-1)
    enoxacin:  S(MIC50): 4), MIC90: S(4, RNG: (1-32)
    garenoxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.0625, MIC90: 0.0625, RNG: (0.0313-0.125)
    gatifloxacin:  S(0.4/1.6)
    gemifloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 8, RNG: (≤0.125-64)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (≤0.125-8)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.12-0.5)
    norfloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 8, RNG: (2-4)
    ofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.125-16)
    pefloxacin:  S(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 4, RNG: (1-16)
    sparfloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.12-0.5)
    trovafloxacin:  R(MIC50): 32, MIC90: 64, RNG: (4->128)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(0.2)
    nisin_A:  RNG: (2.5-12.5)
    rifampicin:  Var(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 64, RNG: (0.015-64)
    rifapentine:  R(50)
    ranbezolid:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.5-64)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
  • Riojas2018 - Phylogenomic analysis of the species of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex demonstrates that Mycobacterium africanum, Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium caprae, Mycobacterium microti and Mycobacterium pinnipedii are later heterotypic synonyms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  • Magee2012Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 5, The Actinobacteria. Part A & B. Mycobacteriaceae, Genus I. Bifidobacterium
  • Maji2018 - Gut microbiome contributes to impairment of immunity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients by alteration of butyrate and propionate producers
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • ...............................
    • Added: January 14, 2022