Neisseria elongata

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Neisseria elongata is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, diplobacilli bacterium. It has been detected in at least 8 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 53%. Neisseria elongata is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Barrett1994; Bovre1970; Dewhirst1993; Tonjum2005Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and clinical sources (appendix, nasopharynx, blood - CCUG). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Barrett1994); (Bovre1970); (Dewhirst1993); (Tonjum2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • starch;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows weakly at 22℃; grows at 37℃; doesn't grow at 45℃; Grows optimally at 35-37℃.
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • glucose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; carbonic anhydrase; oxidase; Pro arylamidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • acid phosphatase; catalase; Gly arylamidase; Leu arylamidase; lycine decarboxylase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Barrett1994); (Bovre1970); (Dewhirst1993); (Tonjum2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
  • Pigments:
  • weakly produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Bovre1970); (Goldstein2000);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; penicillin; penicillin G;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • minocycline; oxytetracycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • levofloxacin; moxifloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • streptomycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin;
  • clindamycin;

  • Bik, E. M., Eckburg, P. B., Gill, S. R., Nelson, K. E., Purdom, E. A., Francois, F., Perez-Perez, G., Blaser, M. J., & Relman, D. A. (2006). Molecular analysis of the bacterial microbiota in the human stomach. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103(3), 732–737.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Betaproteobacteria Order:  Neisseriales Family:  Neisseriaceae Genus:  Neisseria Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Diplobacilli Pigment:  w
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and clinical sources (appendix, nasopharynx, blood - CCUG)
    DNA G+C(%):  53
    Opt. T:  35-37℃
    Lower T(℃):  22(w)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  d DNA:  neg Hippurate:  neg Tween:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  d Mannose:  neg D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg L-Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Dextrin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Glucose:  neg Maltose:  neg Acetate:  neg Citrate:  neg DL-Lactate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  d Urease:  neg Carbonic anh.:  + α-Arab:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg γ-Glu transf.:  neg LysDC:  d OrnDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  neg Trypsin:  neg TrpAA:  neg AlanineAA:  + AlaPheProAA:  neg CystineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyTrpAA:  neg GlyAA:  d HisAA:  neg LeuAA:  d ProAA:  + PheAA:  neg PyrogluAA:  neg SerAA:  neg TyrAA:  neg ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  d DNAse:  neg Esterase(C4):  neg EstLip(C8):  neg Lipase:  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  w
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.5-2)
    penicillin:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.5-8)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.015–4)
    streptomycin:  Sens
    azithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (≤0.015–1)
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 8, RNG: (≤0.015–8)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.032, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.008-1)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.064, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.016-1)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: >256, RNG: (0.5->256)
    minocycline:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.015–0.25)
    oxytetracycline:  Sens
    tetracycline:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03–0.25)
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): 0.8, MIC90: 0.8, RNG: (≤0.015–>8)
    chloramphenicol:  Sens
    clindamycin:  R(MIC50): 128, MIC90: >256, RNG: (16->256)
    colistin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR NEISSERIA ELONGATA
  • Barrett1994 - A numerical phenotypic taxonomic study of the genus Neisseria.
  • Bovre1970 - Neisseria elongata sp. nov., a Rod-shaped Member of the Genus Neisseria. Re-evaluation of Cell Shape as a Criterion in Classification.
  • Dewhirst1993 - Phylogeny of Species in the Family Neisseriaceae Isolated from Human Dental Plaque and Description of Kingella orale sp. nov.
  • Tonjum2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Neisseriaceae, Genus I. Neisseria
  • Goldstein2000 - Comparative in vitro activities of GAR-936 against aerobic and anaerobic animal and human bite wound pathogens.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR NEISSERIA ELONGATA
  • Bik2006 - Molecular analysis of the bacterial microbiota in the human stomach.
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR NEISSERIA ELONGATA
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: April 08, 2021