Neisseria lactamica

(aka Neisseria lactamicus)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Neisseria lactamica, (aka Neisseria lactamicus), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, diplococci bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 52%. Neisseria lactamica is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Tonjum2005Bergey; Hollis1969)



  • This organism has been recovered from the nasopharynx of younger people. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Rarely pathogenic. The only Neisseria sp. to produce acid from lactose.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tonjum2005Bergey); (Hollis1969);
    Character Response
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows weakly at 30℃; Grows optimally at 35-36℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; lactose; maltose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; acid phosphatase; carbonic anhydrase; catalase; esterase lipase C8; β-galactosidase; Gly arylamidase; Leu arylamidase; oxidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • Ser arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Tonjum2005Bergey); (Hollis1969);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • Haemolysis:
  • variable
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
  • Pigments:
  • yellow
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; clarithromycin; erythromycin; roxithromycin; telithromycin;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; levofloxacin; ofloxacin; sparfloxacin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin; telithromycin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Betaproteobacteria Order:  Neisseriales Family:  Neisseriaceae Genus:  Neisseria Alt. name:  Neisseria lactamicus Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Diplococci Pigment:  yellow
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  the nasopharynx of younger people
    DNA G+C(%):  52
    Opt. T:  35-36℃
    Lower T(℃):  30(w)
    		Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg DNA:  neg Hippurate:  neg Tween:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg L-Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  d(+) Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Dextrin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Carbonic anh.:  + α-Arab:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg OrnDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  neg Trypsin:  neg AlanineAA:  + AlaPheProAA:  neg CystineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyTrpAA:  neg GlyAA:  + HisAA:  neg LeuAA:  + PheAA:  neg PyrogluAA:  neg SerAA:  d(neg) TyrAA:  neg ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  + DNAse:  neg Esterase(C4):  neg EstLip(C8):  d(+) Lipase:  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg Pigment:  yellow
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    azithromycin:  SensRNG: (1-2)
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 4, RNG: (2-4)
    clarithromycin:  SensRNG: (2-4)
    roxithromycin:  SensRNG: (4-8)
    telithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.007-0.5)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.003, MIC90: 0.007, RNG: (0.003-0.007)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.003, MIC90: 0.015, RNG: (0.003-0.015)
    ofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.03, RNG: (0.015-0.03)
    sparfloxacin:  S(0.003)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    colistin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR NEISSERIA LACTAMICA
  • Tonjum2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Neisseriaceae, Genus I. Neisseria
  • Hollis1969 - Neisseria lactamicus sp. n., a lactose-fermenting species resembling Neisseria meningitidis.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR NEISSERIA LACTAMICA
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
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    • Added: January 19, 2022