Neisseria meningitidis

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Neisseria meningitidis is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, diplococci bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 50-52%. Neisseria meningitidis is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Tonjum2005Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from causative agent of cerebrospinal meningitis, and other clinical sources (blood). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: vaccine available). Is a known human pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Frequently found in a commensal (asymptomatic) state in the nasopharynx. Pathogenic. Unlikely to be a gut coloniser in healthy people.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tonjum2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 30℃; Grows optimally at 36-37℃.
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • glucose; maltose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • glutamate; lactate; glutamine;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; carbonic anhydrase; catalase; γ-Glu transferase; Gly arylamidase; oxidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • acid phosphatase; Leu arylamidase; Pro arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Tonjum2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ±
  • Nitrite:
  • strain dependent
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin; ertapenem; imipenem; penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefaclor; cefalexin; cefamandole; cefazolin; cefixime; cefoperazone; cefotaxime; cefoxitin; cefuroxime; cephalothin;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; clarithromycin; erythromycin; quinupristin-dalfopristin; roxithromycin; telithromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • minocycline; tetracycline; tigecycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • besifloxacin; ciprofloxacin; clinafloxacin; gatifloxacin; levofloxacin; moxifloxacin; norfloxacin; ofloxacin; sparfloxacin; trovafloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin; telithromycin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Betaproteobacteria Order:  Neisseriales Family:  Neisseriaceae Genus:  Neisseria Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Diplococci Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  causative agent of cerebrospinal meningitis, and other clinical sources (blood)
    DNA G+C(%):  50-52
    Opt. T:  36-37℃
    Lower T(℃):  30(neg)
    		Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg DNA:  neg Hippurate:  neg Tween:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  d Mannose:  neg D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg L-Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  d Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Dextrin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Glu:  + Lactate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Carbonic anh.:  + α-Arab:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg γ-Glu transf.:  + OrnDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  neg Trypsin:  neg AlanineAA:  + AlaPheProAA:  neg CystineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyTrpAA:  neg GlyAA:  + HisAA:  neg LeuAA:  d(neg) ProAA:  d PheAA:  neg PyrogluAA:  neg SerAA:  neg TyrAA:  neg ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  d(neg) Esterase(C4):  neg EstLip(C8):  neg Lipase:  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.12, RNG: (0.06-0.5)
    ampicillin:  S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.12-0.5)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.06, RNG: (0.03-0.06)
    ertapenem:  S(0.008/0.016)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.03-1)
    cefaclor:  S(0.06)
    cefalexin:  S(1)
    cefamandole:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03-0.25)
    cefazolin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.25-0.5)
    cefixime:  S(0.06)
    cefoperazone:  S(0.008/0.015)
    cefotaxime:  S(0.008)
    cefoxitin:  S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06-1)
    cefuroxime:  S(0.06)
    cephalothin:  S(0.12)
    azithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.6-2)
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.06, RNG: (0.03-0.12)
    clarithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.003-1)
    quin-dalf:  S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.12-0.5)
    roxithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 0.1, RNG: (0.06-4)
    telithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.015, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.008-0.5)
    besifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.008, MIC90: 0.015, RNG: (0.004-0.03)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(0.008)
    clinafloxacin:  S(0.008)
    gatifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.008, MIC90: 0.008, RNG: (<0.008-0.015)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.007, MIC90: 0.007, RNG: (<0.003-0.03)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.008, MIC90: 0.008, RNG: (<0.004-0.015)
    norfloxacin:  S(0.025)
    ofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.03, RNG: (0.007-0.03)
    sparfloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.003, MIC90: 0.007, RNG: (<0.003-0.015)
    trovafloxacin:  S(0.008)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    minocycline:  S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 0.12, RNG: (0.06-0.12)
    tetracycline:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.06-0.25)
    tigecycline:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.12, RNG: (0.015-0.12)
    SXT:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.25-1)
    colistin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS
  • Tonjum2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Neisseriaceae, Genus I. Neisseria
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • Added: January 14, 2022