Nocardia asteroides

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Nocardia asteroides is a Gram-positive, exosporous, aerobic, non-motile, bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 63-69%. Nocardia asteroides is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Goodfellow2012Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from soil, water sources, sewage sludge and clinical sources (mycetoma infections). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: human and animal pathogen). Is a known human pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Contains aerial hyphae.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Goodfellow2012Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 5% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 30℃; doesn't grow at 45℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arbutin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • fructose; gluconate; glucose; sucrose; trehalose; proline; acetate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; xylosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Goodfellow2012Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Pigments:
  • orange-red
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Goodfellow2012Bergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • imipenem;
  • amoxicillin; ampicillin; carbenicillin; cloxacillin; penicillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefalexin; cefamandole; cefazolin; cefoxitin; cephalothin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • minocycline;
  • chlortetracycline; doxycycline; oxytetracycline; tetracycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • tobramycin;
  • gentamicin; kanamycin; neomycin; spectinomycin; streptomycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • bacitracin;
  • rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; sulfadiazine; sulfamethoxazole; trimethoprim;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • polymyxin B;
  • clindamycin; lincomycin; novobiocin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Corynebacteriales Family:  Nocardiaceae Genus:  Nocardia Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  Exospore Motility:  Sessile Pigment:  orange-red
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  soil, water sources, sewage sludge and clinical sources (mycetoma infections)
    DNA G+C(%):  63-69
    Lower T(℃):  30(+)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    NaCl 3-5%:  5(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Casein:  neg Tyrosine:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arbutin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Adonitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Gluconate:  + Inositol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Ala:  neg Leu:  neg Pro:  + Ser:  neg Val:  neg Acetate:  + Adipate:  neg Citrate:  neg 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg Pimelate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + Xylosidase:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Pigment:  orange-red
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  R(MIC50): 25, MIC90: -, RNG: (6.2->400)
    ampicillin:  R(MIC50): 25, MIC90: -, RNG: (6.2->400)
    carbenicil:  R(MIC50): 400, MIC90: -, RNG: (50->400)
    cloxacillin:  R(MIC50): 200, MIC90: -, RNG: (100->200)
    penicillin:  R(MIC50): 200, MIC90: -, RNG: (25-400)
    imipenem:  S(2.5; disc)
    cefalexin:  R(MIC50): 200, MIC90: -, RNG: (25->400)
    cefamandole:  R(16)
    cefazolin:  R(MIC50): 100, MIC90: -, RNG: (12.5->400)
    cefoxitin:  R(MIC50): 50, MIC90: -, RNG: (12.5->200)
    cephalothin:  R(MIC50): 100, MIC90: -, RNG: (12.5->400)
    moxalactam:  Var(MIC50): 18), MIC90: Var(18
    gentamicin:  R(MIC50): 12.5, MIC90: -, RNG: (1.6-100)
    kanamycin:  R(MIC50): 200, MIC90: -, RNG: (0.8-800)
    neomycin:  R(MIC50): 400, MIC90: -, RNG: (0.8-800)
    spectinomycin:  R(MIC50): 100, MIC90: -, RNG: (6.3-800)
    streptomycin:  R(MIC50): 100, MIC90: -, RNG: (1.6-400)
    tobramycin:  S(2.5; disc)
    erythromycin:  R(MIC50): 12.5, MIC90: -, RNG: (3.1-50)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  R(MIC50): 10), MIC90: R(10, RNG: (3.1-50)
    chlortetracycline:  R(MIC50): 25, MIC90: -, RNG: (12.5-50)
    minocycline:  S(MIC50): 3.1, MIC90: -, RNG: (1.6-6.3)
    oxytetracycline:  R(MIC50): 50, MIC90: -, RNG: (25-100)
    tetracycline:  R(MIC50): 50, MIC90: -, RNG: (25-200)
    vancomycin:  R(MIC50): 25, MIC90: -, RNG: (0.8-200)
    bacitracin:  S(100)
    rifampicin:  R(MIC50): 100, MIC90: -, RNG: (0.4-100)
    chloramphenicol:  R(MIC50): 50, MIC90: -, RNG: (12.5->400)
    sulfadiazine:  R(1600)
    sulfamethoxazole:  R(1600)
    trimethoprim:  R(MIC50): 200, MIC90: -, RNG: (3.1-200)
    clindamycin:  R(MIC50): 400, MIC90: -, RNG: (100->400)
    lincomycin:  R(MIC50): 400, MIC90: -, RNG: (100->400)
    novobiocin:  R(100)
    polymyxin_B:  S(5)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR NOCARDIA ASTEROIDES
  • Nouioui2018 - Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria.
  • Goodfellow2012Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 5, The Actinobacteria. Part A & B. Nocardiaceae, Genus I. Nocardia
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR NOCARDIA ASTEROIDES
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • ...............................
    • Added: January 14, 2022