Oxalobacter formigenes

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Oxalobacter formigenes is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 22 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 48-51%. Oxalobacter formigenes is a common gut coloniser. (Allison1985; Duncan2002a; Allison2005Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, animal faeces, lakes and marine sediments. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Allison1985); (Allison2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 14℃; grows at 30℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • acetate; oxalate;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Allison1985); (Allison2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Duncan2002a); (Allison2005Bergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; ampicillin;
  • Macrolides:
  • clarithromycin; erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • streptomycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; metronidazole;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin; polymyxin B;

  • Allison, M. J., Dawson, K. A., Mayberry, W. R., & Foss, J. G. (1985). Oxalobacter formigenes gen. nov., sp. nov.: oxalate-degrading anaerobes that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. Archives of Microbiology, 141(1), 1–7.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Betaproteobacteria Order:  Burkholderiales Family:  Oxalobacteraceae Genus:  Oxalobacter Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, animal faeces, lakes and marine sediments
    DNA G+C(%):  48-51
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Low T(℃):  14(+)
    Lower T(℃):  30(+)
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Glycerol:  neg Methanol:  neg Ala:  neg Asp:  neg Glu:  neg Gly:  neg Ser:  neg Acetate:  + Adipate:  neg Benzoate:  neg Butyrate:  neg Citrate:  neg Formate:  neg Fumarate:  neg Glycolate:  neg Lactate:  neg Malate:  neg Maleate:  neg Malonate:  neg Propionate:  neg Pyruvate:  neg Succinate:  neg D-Tartrate:  neg L-Tartrate:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    Oxalate

    Oxalate

    		Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  R(50; disc)
    ampicillin:  R(25; disc)
    streptomycin:  S(20; disc)
    erythromycin:  S(5; disc)
    clarithromycin:  S(1; disc)
    nalidixic-acid:  R(30; disc)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(1; disc)
    tetracycline:  Sens
    rifampicin:  Sens
    chloramphenicol:  S(5; disc)
    metronidazole:  S(25; disc)
    colistin:  Sens
    polymyxin_B:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR OXALOBACTER FORMIGENES
  • Allison1985 - Oxalobacter formigenes gen. nov., sp. nov.: oxalate-degrading anaerobes that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Duncan2002a - Oxalobacter formigenes and Its Potential Role in Human Health.
  • Allison2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Oxalobacteraceae, Genus I. Oxalobacter
  • Jackson2016 - Signatures of early frailty in the gut microbiota
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR OXALOBACTER FORMIGENES
  • Almeida2019 - A new genomic blueprint of the human gut microbiota.
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Chen2020 - Structural and Functional Characterization of the Gut Microbiota in Elderly Women With Migraine
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Jie2017 - The gut microbiome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Li2019b - Disordered intestinal microbes are associated with the activity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  • Minerbi2019 - Altered microbiome composition in individuals with fibromyalgia
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • PerezBrocal2015 - Metagenomic Analysis of Crohn's Disease Patients Identifies Changes in the Virome and Microbiome Related to Disease Status and Therapy, and Detects Potential Interactions and Biomarkers
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Rothschild2018 - Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota.
  • Salonen2014 - Impact of diet and individual variation on intestinal microbiota composition and fermentation products in obese men.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Wang2018 - A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in asthma in UK adults
  • Wang2018a - Morphine induces changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome in a morphine dependence model.
  • Wang2020a - Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
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    • Added: April 08, 2021