Paenibacillus antibioticophila

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Paenibacillus antibioticophila is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 49.1%. Paenibacillus antibioticophila is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Dubourg2015)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (woman with multiresistant TB). Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Dubourg2015);
    Character Response
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 25℃; grows at 37℃; doesn't grow at 45℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; rhamnose; ribose; xylose; amygdalin; glycogen; inulin; starch; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; D-lyxose; melezitose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; mannitol; arbutin; methyl xyloside; N-Ac glucosamine; salicin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • arabinosidase; N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; esterase C4; esterase lipase C8; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucuronidase; glutamic acid decarboxylase; naphthol-ASBI-P;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Dubourg2015);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Dubourg2015);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; imipenem;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;

  • Dubourg, G., Lagier, J. C., Armougom, F., Robert, C., Hamad, I., Brouqui, P., & Raoult, D. (2013). The gut microbiota of a patient with resistant tuberculosis is more comprehensively studied by culturomics than by metagenomics. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases: Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 32(5), 637–645.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Paenibacillaceae Genus:  Paenibacillus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (woman with multiresistant TB)
    DNA G+C(%):  49.1
    Lower T(℃):  25(+)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + D-Lyxose:  + Rhamnose:  + Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  + L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  + Glycogen:  + Inulin:  + Starch:  + Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-Xyloside:  + NAc-α-GA:  + Salicin:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg α-Arab:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  + α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg GluDC:  + Trypsin:  neg AlanineAA:  neg CystineAA:  neg HisAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg PheAA:  neg TyrAA:  neg ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  neg Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  + Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  Sens
    Augmentin:  Sens
    imipenem:  Sens
    gentamicin:  Sens
    erythromycin:  Sens
    ciprofloxacin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    vancomycin:  Sens
    rifampicin:  Sens
    metronidazole:  Res
    SXT:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PAENIBACILLUS ANTIBIOTICOPHILA
  • Dubourg2015 - Non-contiguous finished genome sequence and description of Paenibacillus antibioticophila sp. nov. GD11T, the type strain of Paenibacillus antibioticophila.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PAENIBACILLUS ANTIBIOTICOPHILA
  • Dubourg2013 - The gut microbiota of a patient with resistant tuberculosis is more comprehensively studied by culturomics than by metagenomics.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR PAENIBACILLUS ANTIBIOTICOPHILA
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021