Paenibacillus azoreducens

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Paenibacillus azoreducens is a Gram-variable, spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 47%. Paenibacillus azoreducens is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Priest2011Bergey; Meehan2001)



  • This organism has been recovered from azo dye waste water. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Can reduce the azo dye remazol and decolourise it.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Priest2011Bergey); (Meehan2001);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • gelatin; starch;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 5% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 5.6;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 50℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; ribose; xylose; inulin; starch; cellubiose; maltose; melezitose; melibiose; sucrose; trehalose; glycerol; mannitol; salicin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Priest2011Bergey); (Meehan2001);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • Lysozyme:
  • growth observed (0.001%)
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Paenibacillaceae Genus:  Paenibacillus Gram stain:  vr O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  azo dye waste water
    DNA G+C(%):  47
    Opt. T:  37℃
    High T(℃):  50(+)
    NaCl 3-5%:  5(neg)
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5.6(+)
    		Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Starch:  + Casein:  neg Tyrosine:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Inulin:  + Starch:  + Adonitol:  neg Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Citrate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PAENIBACILLUS AZOREDUCENS
  • Priest2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Paenibacillaceae, Genus I. Paenibacillus
  • Meehan2001 - Paenibacillus azoreducens sp. nov., a synthetic azo dye decolorizing bacterium from industrial wastewater.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PAENIBACILLUS AZOREDUCENS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
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    • Added: January 14, 2022