Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus

(aka Bacillus thiaminolyticus)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus, (aka Bacillus thiaminolyticus), is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 52–54%. Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Shida1997; Priest2011Bergey; Nakamura1990)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, honey bee, and clinical sources. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised people. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • QUIRKS
  • Borderline cold mesophile, with optimum growth temp of 28C. Unlikely gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Shida1997); (Priest2011Bergey); (Nakamura1990);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • casein; starch; tyrosine;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 2.0% salt; strain-variable at 5.0(d)%; doesn't tolerate 7.0% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate pH 5.7;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 20℃; grows at 45℃; Grows optimally at 28℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; ribose; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; melibiose; sucrose; trehalose; mannitol; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • sorbitol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • acetate; citrate; fumarate; malate; succinate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; oxidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Shida1997); (Priest2011Bergey); (Nakamura1990);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • Lysozyme:
  • growth observed (0.001%)
  • ±
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced by most strains
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Paenibacillaceae Genus:  Paenibacillus Alt. name:  Bacillus thiaminolyticus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces, honey bee, and clinical sources
    DNA G+C(%):  52–54
    Opt. T:  28℃
    Lower T(℃):  20(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  2.0(+)
    NaCl 3-5%:  5.0(d)
    NaCl >6%:  7.0(neg)
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5.7(neg)
    		Urea:  neg Starch:  + Casein:  + Tyrosine:  + Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  d(+) Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Mannitol:  d(+) Sorbitol:  d Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Acetate:  + Citrate:  + Fumarate:  + Malate:  + Succinate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg ArgDC:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  neg Lecithinase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  + Pigment:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PAENIBACILLUS THIAMINOLYTICUS
  • Shida1997 - Transfer of Bacillus alginolyticus, Bacillus chondroitinus, Bacillus curdlanolyticus, Bacillus glucanolyticus, Bacillus kobensis, and Bacillus thiaminolyticus to the Genus Paenibacillus and Emended Description of the Genus Paenibacillus.
  • Priest2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Paenibacillaceae, Genus I. Paenibacillus
  • Nakamura1990 - Bacillus thiaminolyticus sp. nov., nom. rev.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PAENIBACILLUS THIAMINOLYTICUS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR PAENIBACILLUS THIAMINOLYTICUS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021