Paenibacillus timonensis

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Paenibacillus timonensis is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. Paenibacillus timonensis is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Roux2004; Priest2011Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (blood - CCUG) and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Roux2004); (Priest2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; starch;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 2.0% salt; doesn't tolerate 5.0% salt; doesn't tolerate 7.0% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 30℃; grows at 50℃; Grows optimally at 30–37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; xylose; amygdalin; aesculin; glycogen; starch; cellubiose; gentiobiose; lactose; maltose; melibiose; trehalose; arbutin; gluconate; α-methyl glucoside; N-Ac glucosamine; salicin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; oxidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Roux2004); (Priest2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • Nitrate:
  • weakly reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Roux2004);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Paenibacillaceae Genus:  Paenibacillus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (blood - CCUG) and human faeces
    Opt. T:  30–37℃
    Lower T(℃):  30(+)
    High T(℃):  50(+)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  2.0(+)
    NaCl 3-5%:  5.0(neg)
    NaCl >6%:  7.0(neg)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  + L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  + Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  + Aesculin:  + Glycogen:  + Inulin:  neg Starch:  + Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Gluconate:  + 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  + Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Citrate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  +
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  Sens
    gentamicin:  Sens
    erythromycin:  Res
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  Sens
    vancomycin:  Sens
    rifampicin:  I
    SXT:  Res

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PAENIBACILLUS TIMONENSIS
  • Roux2004 - Paenibacillus massiliensis sp. nov., Paenibacillus sanguinis sp. nov. and Paenibacillus timonensis sp. nov., isolated from blood cultures.
  • Priest2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Paenibacillaceae, Genus I. Paenibacillus
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PAENIBACILLUS TIMONENSIS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR PAENIBACILLUS TIMONENSIS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021