Pannonibacter phragmitetus

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Pannonibacter phragmitetus is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 64.6%. Pannonibacter phragmitetus is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Borsodi2003)



  • This organism has been recovered from soda lake and clinical sources (blood - CCUG). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Borsodi2003);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • arginine;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 0% salt; tolerates 5% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 7; tolerates pH 11; Grows optimally at pH 9.0-10.0.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 10℃; grows at 37℃; Grows optimally at 22-28℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; fructose; fucose; D-fucose; glucose; xylose; aesculin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • L-arabinose; cellubiose; dextrin; fructose; fucose; galactose; gentiobiose; glucose; glycerol; inositol; maltose; melibiose; rhamnose; sucrose; trehalose; D-turanose; glutamate; aconitate; citrate; formate; 3-hydroxybutyrate; 2-ketoglutarate; DL-lactate; quinate; succinate; glutamine; L-asparagine; pyroglutamate; α-ketobutyrate; D-glucuronate; 4-hydroxybutyrate; methyl succinate; urocanic acid;
  • Active enzymes:
  • arginine dihydrolase; catalase; oxidase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Borsodi2003);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Methyl red test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
  • NOTES

    Three alkalitolerant bacterial strains were isolated from the surface of decomposing rhizomes of reed [Phragmites australia (Cav.) Trin. et Steudel] in Lake Fertö (Hungary). Cells of the novel isolates were Gram-negative, motile rods and formed star-shaped aggregates. They were facultatively anaerobic and chemo-organotrophic. Bacteriochlorophyll a was not synthesized under aerobic conditions. The strains were catalase and oxidase positive, produced acid from D-glucose under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and reduced nitrate to nitrogen. They tolerated pH values from 7.0 to 11.0 and grew in the absence of NaCl as well as in up to 5% (w/v) NaCl. The G + C content of the DNA was 64.6 mol% and the major isoprenoid quinone was Q-10. The dominant cellular fatty acid was C18 : 1omega7c. The cell membrane contained phosphatidyl glycerol, diphosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine and one unknown phospholipid as polar lipids. Polyphasic taxonomic characterization revealed that strain C6/19T is most closely related to the Stappia-Roseibium cluster in the alpha-subclass of the Proteobacteria (showing 95.8-93.6% 16S rDNA sequence similarity). According to the phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence presented, a new genus and species is proposed, Pannonibacter phragmitetus gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is C6/19T (=DSM 14782T =NCAIM B02025T).

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Alphaproteobacteria Order:  Hyphomicrobiales Family:  Stappiaceae Genus:  Pannonibacter Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  soda lake and clinical sources (blood - CCUG)
    DNA G+C(%):  64.6
    Opt. T:  22-28℃
    Low T(℃):  10(+)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  0(+)
    NaCl 3-5%:  5(+)
    Opt. pH:  9.0-10.0
    pH 6.0-8.0:  7(+)
    pH >8:  11(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Arginine:  + Hippurate:  neg Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  + D-Fucose:  + Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + Xylose:  + Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Aesculin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Rhamnose:  + Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + D-Turanose:  + Trehalose:  + Dextrin:  + Glycerol:  + Inositol:  + Glu:  + Aconitate:  cis(+) Citrate:  + Formate:  + 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  + DL-Lactate:  + Quinate:  + Succinate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  + ArgDH:  + Phe deaminase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PANNONIBACTER PHRAGMITETUS
  • Holmes2006 - Pannonibacter phragmitetus, described from a Hungarian soda lake in 2003, had been recognized several decades earlier from human blood cultures as Achromobacter groups B and E.
  • Borsodi2003 - Pannonibacter phragmitetus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel alkalitolerant bacterium isolated from decomposing reed rhizomes in a Hungarian soda lake.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PANNONIBACTER PHRAGMITETUS
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
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    • Added: December 15, 2021