Parabacteroides goldsteinii

(aka Bacteroides goldsteinii)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Parabacteroides goldsteinii, (aka Bacteroides goldsteinii), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 14 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 43%. Parabacteroides goldsteinii is a common gut coloniser. (Sakamoto2006; Song2010aBergey; Song2005)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and clinical sources (wound, abdominal fluid - CCUG). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • In 69% of Europeans (unseenbio.com).
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Sakamoto2006); (Song2010aBergey); (Song2005);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Grows in the presence of bile
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; rhamnose; xylose; cellubiose; sucrose; trehalose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; Arg arylamidase; N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; Glu-Glu arylamidase; glycine aminopeptidase; G6PDH and 6PGDH; His arylamidase; Leu arylamidase; Leu-Gly arylamidase; Phe arylamidase; naphthol-ASBI-P;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • Gly arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Sakamoto2006); (Song2010aBergey); (Song2005);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • formate (minor); acetate; propionate (minor); succinate; isovalerate (minor);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Song2010aBergey); (Goldstein2018a); (Goldstein2013b); (Song2005);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ertapenem; imipenem; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefotetan; cefoxitin; ceftazidime;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tigecycline;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;

  • Bacteroides and Parabacteroides species are components of the colon resident microbiota, and both genera belong to the order Bacteroidales. Species of these genera are often associated with opportunistic mixed infections, such as intra-abdominal, obstetric-gynecologic and diabetic foot infections. In addition, these microorganisms are able to develop resistance to several antimicrobial drugs. Although antibiotics with good activity against these bacteria are currently available, high frequencies of resistance to some antimicrobials have been reported in several countries. Bacteroides and Parabacteroides species produce endogenous �_-lactamases, the most important mechanism of resistance to �_-lactam antibiotics. [PMID: 21655744]

  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website]

    Bacteroides and Parabacteroides species are components of the colon resident microbiota, and both genera belong to the order Bacteroidales. [PMID: 21655744] Cells are Gram-negative, obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile and rod-shaped, and 0.8-1.6μm in size. Major end-products are acetic and succinic acids. [PMID: 16825636]

  • Song, Y., Liu, C., Lee, J., Bolanos, M., Vaisanen, M.-L., & Finegold, S. M. (2005). Bacteroides goldsteinii sp. J. Clin. Microbiol, 43, 4522–4527.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Bacteroidia Order:  Bacteroidales Family:  Tannerellaceae Genus:  Parabacteroides Alt. name:  Bacteroides goldsteinii Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and clinical sources (wound, abdominal fluid - CCUG)
    DNA G+C(%):  43
    Bile reaction(%):  +
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Glucose:  + Rhamnose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Xylan:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Urease:  neg G6PDH6PGDH:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  vr β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg GlyAP:  + AlanineAA:  + ArgAA:  + GluGluAA:  + GlyAA:  d HisAA:  + LeuAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg PheAA:  + AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Formate:  minor(+) Acetate:  + Propionate:  minor(+) Succinate:  + Isovalerate:  minor(+) Indole:  neg Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amp-sulb:  Var(MIC50): 8, MIC90: 32, RNG: (1–64)
    penicillin_G:  R(>32)
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.015–16)
    ertapenem:  S(≤1)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–2)
    meropenem:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.25–16)
    cefotetan:  R(≤256)
    cefoxitin:  R(MIC50): 32, MIC90: 64, RNG: (8–128)
    ceftazidime:  R(MIC50): >128, MIC90: >128, RNG: (16–>128)
    moxifloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 32, RNG: (0.25–>32)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tigecycline:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.5–8)
    vancomycin:  R(≤32)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.125–4)
    clindamycin:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: >128, RNG: (0.06–>128)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PARABACTEROIDES GOLDSTEINII
  • Sakamoto2006 - Reclassification of Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides goldsteinii and Bacteroides merdae as Parabacteroides distasonis gen. nov., comb. nov., Parabacteroides goldsteinii comb. nov. and Parabacteroides merdae comb. nov.
  • Wexler2007 - Bacteroides : the Good, the Bad, and the Nitty-Gritty.
  • Song2010aBergey - Bacteroides. In Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology: Vol. 4. The Bacteroidetes. Family IV. Porphyromonadaceae, Genus V. Parabacteroides
  • Gryp2020 - Isolation and Quantification of Uremic Toxin Precursor-Generating Gut Bacteria in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
  • Li2019c - Gut Microbiota Differs Between Parkinson's Disease Patients and Healthy Controls in Northeast China
  • Goldstein2018a - Comparative In Vitro Activities of Relebactam, Imipenem, the Combination of the Two, and Six Comparator Antimicrobial Agents against 432 Strains of Anaerobic Organisms, Including Imipenem-Resistant Strains.
  • Goldstein2013b - Comparative in vitro activities of GSK2251052, a novel boron-containing leucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor, against 916 anaerobic organisms.
  • Song2005 - Bacteroides goldsteinii sp. nov.' Isolated from Clinical Specimens of Human Intestinal Origin.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PARABACTEROIDES GOLDSTEINII
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Chen2020 - Structural and Functional Characterization of the Gut Microbiota in Elderly Women With Migraine
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Jeong2021 - The effect of taxonomic classification by full-length 16S rRNA sequencing with a synthetic long-read technology
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Minerbi2019 - Altered microbiome composition in individuals with fibromyalgia
  • Pfleiderer2013 - Culturomics identified 11 new bacterial species from a single anorexia nervosa stool sample.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Rothschild2018 - Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota.
  • Urban2020 - Altered Fecal Microbiome Years after Traumatic Brain Injury
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR PARABACTEROIDES GOLDSTEINII
  • Song2010Bergeys - Bacteroides. In Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology: Vol. 4. The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes
    • Added: April 08, 2021