Paracoccus carotinifaciens

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Paracoccus carotinifaciens is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, motile, coccobacillus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 67%. Paracoccus carotinifaciens is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Tsubokura1999; VanSpanning2005Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and soil. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tsubokura1999); (VanSpanning2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at pH 8-9.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 37℃; Grows optimally at 25-30℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; galactose; glucose; mannose; xylose; lactose; maltose; sucrose; trehalose; glycerol; mannitol; sorbitol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • arabinose; galactose; gluconate; glucose; glycerol; lactose; maltose; mannitol; mannose; sorbitol; sucrose; trehalose; xylose; malate; L-malate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; β-galactosidase; oxidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Tsubokura1999); (VanSpanning2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ±
  • Pigments:
  • reddish-orange

  • McLaughlin, S. D., Walker, A. W., Churcher, C., Clark, S. K., Tekkis, P. P., Johnson, M. W., Parkhill, J., Ciclitira, P. J., Dougan, G., Nicholls, R. J., & Petrovska, L. (2010). The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing. Annals of Surgery, 252(1), 90–98.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Alphaproteobacteria Order:  Rhodobacterales Family:  Rhodobacteraceae Genus:  Paracoccus Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Coccobacillus Pigment:  reddish-orange
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and soil
    DNA G+C(%):  67
    Opt. T:  25-30℃
    Mid T(℃):  37(neg)
    Opt. pH:  8-9
    		Aesculin:  + Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Xylose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Glycerol:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  + L-Arabinose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Xylose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  neg Gluconate:  + Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  + Adipate:  neg Caprate:  neg Citrate:  neg Malate:  + L-Malate:  + Phenylacetate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + ArgDH:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg Pigment:  reddish-orange

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PARACOCCUS CAROTINIFACIENS
  • Tsubokura1999 - Paracoccus carotinifaciens sp. nov., a new aerobic Gram-negative astaxanthin-producing bacterium.
  • VanSpanning2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Rhodobacteraceae, Genus XII. Paracoccus
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PARACOCCUS CAROTINIFACIENS
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021