Pediococcus pentosaceus

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Pediococcus pentosaceus is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, diplococci bacterium. It has been detected in at least 7 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 38%. Pediococcus pentosaceus is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Tanasupawat1993; Holzapfel2011Bergey; Rossi2016)



  • This organism has been recovered from food fermentation, human faeces and clinical sources (blood, wound). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Found in human breast milk (Jeurink2013).
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tanasupawat1993); (Holzapfel2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • arginine;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 10% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 4.5; doesn't tolerate pH 9.0; Grows optimally at pH 8.0.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 20℃; strain-variable at 45(d); Grows optimally at 28-32℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; ribose; amygdalin; cellubiose; gentiobiose; maltose; arbutin; N-Ac glucosamine; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • L-arabinose; xylose; lactose; sucrose; trehalose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • arginine dihydrolase; N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; catalase; β-glucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Tanasupawat1993); (Holzapfel2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • lactate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Holzapfel2011Bergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin; penicillin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; clinafloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • netilmycin;
  • gentamicin; kanamycin; streptomycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • trimethoprim;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin;

  • Dal Bello, F., & Hertel, C. (2006). Oral cavity as natural reservoir for intestinal lactobacilli. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 29(1), 69–76.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Lactobacillales Family:  Lactobacillaceae Genus:  Pediococcus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Diplococci
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  food fermentation, human faeces and clinical sources (blood, wound)
    DNA G+C(%):  38
    Opt. T:  28-32℃
    Lower T(℃):  20(+)
    High T(℃):  45(d)
    NaCl >6%:  10(+)
    Opt. pH:  8.0
    pH 4.2-5.9:  4.5(+)
    pH >8:  9.0(neg)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Arginine:  d(neg) Hippurate:  vr
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  + D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  d Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg Xylose:  d L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  + Lactose:  d Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  d(neg) Trehalose:  d Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  + Dextrin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  + Salicin:  d(+)
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  pseudo(d(+)) Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Galactosidase:  vr β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  + LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg AlaPheProAA:  vr PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Lactate:  + H2S:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  S(1)
    penicillin:  Sens
    gentamicin:  R(32)
    kanamycin:  R(256)
    netilmycin:  Sens
    streptomycin:  R(256)
    erythromycin:  R(16)
    quin-dalf:  Var(MIC50): 4), MIC90: Var(4
    ciprofloxacin:  S(0.5/2)
    clinafloxacin:  S(0.06/1)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(≤1)
    vancomycin:  S(2)
    chloramphenicol:  Var(MIC50): 8), MIC90: Var(8
    trimethoprim:  R(256)
    clindamycin:  S(≤1)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PEDIOCOCCUS PENTOSACEUS
  • Tanasupawat1993 - Characterization of Pediococcus pentosaceus and Pediococcus acidilactici Strains and Replacement of the Type Strain of P. acidilactici with the Proposed Neotype DSM 20284: Request for an Opinion.
  • Holzapfel2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Lactobacillaceae, Genus III. Pediococcus
  • Rossi2016 - Mining metagenomic whole genome sequences revealed subdominant but constant Lactobacillus population in the human gut microbiota.
  • Boekhorst2006 - Comparative analysis of proteins with a mucus-binding domain found exclusively in lactic acid bacteria.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PEDIOCOCCUS PENTOSACEUS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • DalBello2006 - Oral cavity as natural reservoir for intestinal lactobacilli.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Mangin2004 - Molecular inventory of faecal microflora in patients with Crohn's disease.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR PEDIOCOCCUS PENTOSACEUS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
  • Sanz2007 - Differences in faecal bacterial communities in coeliac and healthy children as detected by PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
    • Added: April 08, 2021