Peptostreptococcus stomatis

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Peptostreptococcus stomatis is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 10 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 36%. Peptostreptococcus stomatis is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Downes2006; Ezaki2011fBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from dental disease (oral infections), clinical sources (abscess, blood, tissue - CCUG) and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal. Robust growth can have negative consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Downes2006); (Ezaki2011fBergey);
    Character Response
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; glucose; maltose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • esterase C4; α-glucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Downes2006); (Ezaki2011fBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; butyrate (trace); lactate; isobutyrate (minor); isovalerate (minor);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Citron2012a); (Goldstein2000);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • imipenem; penicillin G; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoxitin;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; erythromycin; fidaxomicin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; minocycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • levofloxacin; moxifloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Peptostreptococcaceae Genus:  Peptostreptococcus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Morphology:  Coccus
    Health:   Negative
    Source:  dental disease (oral infections), clinical sources (abscess, blood, tissue - CCUG) and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  36
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Arginine:  neg Hippurate:  vr
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  w(+) Glucose:  w(+) Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  w(+) Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Dextrin:  neg Glycogen:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg AlaPheProAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  vr AcidP:  neg Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Butyrate:  trace(+) Lactate:  + Isobutyrate:  minor(+) Isovalerate:  minor(+) Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  Var(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.06–32)
    amp-sulb:  Var(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.06–32)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.015–0.06)
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.25–16)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.03–2)
    cefoxitin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.25–16)
    azithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125–0.5)
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.5–2)
    fidaxomicin:  S(MIC50): 0.015, MIC90: 0.015, RNG: (0.015–0.03)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.015, MIC90: ≤0.015, RNG: (≤0.015–≤0.015)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.125–8)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.125–0.25)
    minocycline:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.03–0.125)
    tetracycline:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125–0.5)
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125–0.5)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–1)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.06–0.5)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PEPTOSTREPTOCOCCUS STOMATIS
  • Downes2006 - Peptostreptococcus stomatis sp. nov., isolated from the human oral cavity.
  • Ezaki2011fBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Peptostreptococcaceae, Genus I. Peptostreptococcus
  • Feng2015 - Gut microbiome development along the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence
  • Baxter2016 - Microbiota-based model improves the sensitivity of fecal immunochemical test for detecting colonic lesions
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • Yachida2019 - Metagenomic and metabolomic analyses reveal distinct stage-specific phenotypes of the gut microbiota in colorectal cancer
  • Yu2015 - Metagenomic analysis of faecal microbiome as a tool towards targeted non-invasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • Citron2012a - Comparative in vitro activities of LFF571 against Clostridium difficile and 630 other intestinal strains of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
  • Goldstein2000 - Comparative in vitro activities of GAR-936 against aerobic and anaerobic animal and human bite wound pathogens.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PEPTOSTREPTOCOCCUS STOMATIS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Jie2017 - The gut microbiome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR PEPTOSTREPTOCOCCUS STOMATIS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021