Phocaeicola coprocola

(aka Bacteroides coprocola)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Phocaeicola coprocola, (aka Bacteroides coprocola), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 22 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 42.4%. Phocaeicola coprocola is often a widespread coloniser of gut. (Browne2016; Song2010Bergeys; Kitahara2005)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • In 95% of Europeans (unseenbio.com).
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Song2010Bergeys); (Kitahara2005);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Grows in the presence of bile
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; mannose; xylose; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; raffinose; sucrose; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • rhamnose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; alkaline phosphatase; arabinosidase; N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; fucosidase; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; glutamic acid decarboxylase; Glu-Glu arylamidase; Leu-Gly arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Song2010Bergeys); (Kitahara2005);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Song2010Bergeys);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • meropenem;
  • amoxicillin; oxacillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • ceftazidime;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; clarithromycin; erythromycin; spiramycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; tigecycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; gatifloxacin; moxifloxacin; ofloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • tobramycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • sulfamethoxazole;

  • Kitahara, Maki, Sakamoto, M., Ike, M., Sakata, S., & Benno, Y. (2005). Bacteroides plebeius sp. nov. and Bacteroides coprocola sp. nov., isolated from human faeces. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 55(Pt 5), 2143–2147.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Bacteroidia Order:  Bacteroidales Family:  Bacteroidaceae Genus:  Phocaeicola Alt. name:  Bacteroides coprocola Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  42.4
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Bile reaction(%):  +
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  d Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Glycerol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg α-Arab:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Fucosidase:  + α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  + AlanineAA:  + ArgAA:  neg GluGluAA:  + GlyAA:  neg HisAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg PyrogluAA:  neg SerAA:  neg TyrAA:  neg AlkalineP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    Acetate, Succinate

    		Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  R(16)
    oxacillin:  R(16)
    piperacillin:  Var(MIC50): 4), MIC90: Var(4
    meropenem:  S(0.19)
    cefotaxime:  Var(MIC50): 8), MIC90: Var(8
    cefoxitin:  Var(MIC50): 8), MIC90: Var(8
    ceftazidime:  R(128)
    tobramycin:  R(>1024)
    azithromycin:  S(0.75)
    erythromycin:  S(0.75)
    clarithromycin:  S(0.094)
    spiramycin:  S(0.25)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(1.5)
    gatifloxacin:  S(0.023)
    moxifloxacin:  S(0.1)
    norfloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 7), MIC90: Var(7
    ofloxacin:  S(0.5)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(0.25)
    tigecycline:  S(<0.016)
    metronidazole:  S(0.25)
    sulfamethoxazole:  R(>1024)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PHOCAEICOLA COPROCOLA
  • Browne2016 - Culturing of 'unculturable' human microbiota reveals novel taxa and extensive sporulation.
  • Wexler2007 - Bacteroides : the Good, the Bad, and the Nitty-Gritty.
  • Song2010Bergeys - Bacteroides. In Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology: Vol. 4. The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes
  • DeAngelis2013 - Fecal microbiota and metabolome of children with autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified
  • Dong2020a - The Association of Gut Microbiota With Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty in Girls
  • Kim2020a - Altered Gut Microbiome Profile in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
  • Li2019c - Gut Microbiota Differs Between Parkinson's Disease Patients and Healthy Controls in Northeast China
  • Maji2018 - Gut microbiome contributes to impairment of immunity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients by alteration of butyrate and propionate producers
  • Miyake2015 - Dysbiosis in the Gut Microbiota of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis, with a Striking Depletion of Species Belonging to Clostridia XIVa and IV Clusters
  • Tsai2020 - Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Patients with Biopsy-Proven Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Taiwan
  • Wan2019 - Alterations of the Gut Microbiota in Multiple System Atrophy Patients
  • Wang2019 - Differential composition of gut microbiota among healthy volunteers, morbidly obese patients and post-bariatric surgery patients
  • Wang2019b - Alterations in the human gut microbiome associated with Helicobacter pylori infection
  • Wang2019c - Gut microbiota and dietary patterns in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
  • Kitahara2005 - Bacteroides plebeius sp. nov. and Bacteroides coprocola sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.
  • Petrov2017 - Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PHOCAEICOLA COPROCOLA
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Chen2020 - Structural and Functional Characterization of the Gut Microbiota in Elderly Women With Migraine
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Jeong2021 - The effect of taxonomic classification by full-length 16S rRNA sequencing with a synthetic long-read technology
  • Jie2017 - The gut microbiome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • Karlsson2013 - Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • Minerbi2019 - Altered microbiome composition in individuals with fibromyalgia
  • Nielsen2014 - MetaHIT Consortium. Identification and assembly of genomes and genetic elements in complex metagenomic samples without using reference genomes.
  • Qin2012 - Metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Rothschild2018 - Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Urban2020 - Altered Fecal Microbiome Years after Traumatic Brain Injury
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Wang2020a - Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • Zupancic2012 - Analysis of the Gut Microbiota in the Old Order Amish and Its Relation to the Metabolic Syndrome.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR PHOCAEICOLA COPROCOLA
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
  • Song2010Bergeys - Bacteroides. In Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology: Vol. 4. The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes
    • Added: April 08, 2021