Planococcus rifietoensis

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Planococcus rifietoensis is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, aerobic, motile, diplococci bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 47.9%. Planococcus rifietoensis is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Romano2003; Shivaji2011Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from an algal mat and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Unlikely gut coloniser because its optimum growth is with high salt.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Romano2003); (Shivaji2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • gelatin; hippurate;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 0% salt; tolerates 15% salt; Grows optimally with 10% salt.
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 6.0; tolerates pH 10.5;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 5℃; grows at 42℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • cellubiose; galactose; glucose; lactose; maltose; sucrose; citrate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; oxidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Nitrite:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
  • Pigments:
  • orange
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Romano2003); (Shivaji2011Bergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin; penicillin G;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • kanamycin; streptomycin;
  • gentamicin; neomycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • bacitracin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; fusidic-acid;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • lincomycin; novobiocin;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Caryophanales Family:  Caryophanaceae Genus:  Planococcus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Diplococci Pigment:  orange
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  an algal mat and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  47.9
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Low T(℃):  5(+)
    High T(℃):  42(+)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  0(+)
    NaCl >6%:  15(+)
    pH 6.0-8.0:  6.0(+)
    pH >8:  10.5(+)
    		Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Casein:  neg Hippurate:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Sucrose:  + Citrate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Pigment:  orange
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  S(25; disc)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 10; disc), MIC90: S(10; disc, R(2; disc)
    gentamicin:  R(30; disc)
    kanamycin:  S(30; disc)
    neomycin:  R(30; disc)
    streptomycin:  S(25; disc)
    erythromycin:  S(5; disc)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(30; disc)
    vancomycin:  S(30; disc)
    bacitracin:  S(10; disc)
    chloramphenicol:  S(10; disc)
    lincomycin:  S(15; disc)
    novobiocin:  S(30; disc)
    fusidic-acid:  S(10; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PLANOCOCCUS RIFIETOENSIS
  • Romano2003 - Planococcus rifietensis sp. nov, Isolated from Algal Mat Collected from a Sulfurous Spring in Campania (Italy).
  • Shivaji2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Planococcaceae, Genus I. Planococcus
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PLANOCOCCUS RIFIETOENSIS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR PLANOCOCCUS RIFIETOENSIS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021