Porphyromonas cangingivalis

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Porphyromonas cangingivalis is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 55%. Porphyromonas cangingivalis is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser.



  • This organism has been recovered from periodontal pockets of dogs. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: animal pathogen). Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Collins1994a);
    Character Response
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • glutamate; malate; glutamine; D-glucose-6-phosphate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; catalase; chymotrypsin; G6PDH and 6PGDH;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate (major); propionate; butyrate; isobutyrate (minor); isovalerate; ammonia; indole;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • succinate;
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • Pigments:
  • cream-tan
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Goldstein2018); (Goldstein2000); (Goldstein1999a); (Goldstein1999b);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; carbenicillin; penicillin; penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefotaxime;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; clarithromycin; erythromycin; roxithromycin; telithromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; minocycline; tetracycline; tigecycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; gatifloxacin; levofloxacin; moxifloxacin; sparfloxacin; trovafloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; telithromycin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Bacteroidia Order:  Bacteroidales Family:  Porphyromonadaceae Genus:  Porphyromonas Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  cream-tan
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  periodontal pockets of dogs
    DNA G+C(%):  55
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Fructose:  neg Glucose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Glycogen:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Glu:  + Malate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + G6PDH6PGDH:  + Haemaggl.:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg Chymotrypsin:  + Trypsin:  neg AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + Lecithinase:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  Major(+) Propionate:  + Butyrate:  + Isobutyrate:  minor(+) Succinate:  neg Isovalerate:  + Ammonia:  + Indole:  + Pigment:  cream-tan
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  S(2.5)
    Augmentin:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.03–0.5)
    carbenicil:  S(100)
    penicillin:  S(2U)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): ≤0.015, MIC90: ≤0.015, RNG: (≤0.015–4)
    cefotaxime:  S(MIC50): ≤0.015, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.015–0.5)
    azithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125–1)
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.06, RNG: (≤0.015–0.5)
    clarithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.06–0.125)
    roxithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03–0.25)
    telithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.03, RNG: (≤0.015–0.125)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.125–2)
    gatifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.03–0.25)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–1)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.06–0.25)
    sparfloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.125–2)
    trovafloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–1)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.06–4)
    minocycline:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.03, RNG: (0.03–0.03)
    tetracycline:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.06–0.125)
    tigecycline:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.03, RNG: (0.03–0.25)
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 8, RNG: (2–>8)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.015–0.25)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.015, MIC90: ≤0.015, RNG: (≤0.015)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PORPHYROMONAS CANGINGIVALIS
  • Collins1994a - Phylogenetic Analysis of Members of the Genus Porphyromonas and Description of Porphyromonas cangingivalis sp. nov. and Porphyromonas cansulci sp. nov.
  • Goldstein2018 - Comparative In Vitro Activity of Omadacycline against Dog and Cat Bite Wound Isolates.
  • Goldstein2000 - Comparative in vitro activities of GAR-936 against aerobic and anaerobic animal and human bite wound pathogens.
  • Goldstein1999a - Activity of gatifloxacin compared to those of five other quinolones versus aerobic and anaerobic isolates from skin and soft tissue samples of human and animal bite wound infections.
  • Goldstein1999b - Activities of telithromycin (HMR 3647, RU 66647) compared to those of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, and other antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes.
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PORPHYROMONAS CANGINGIVALIS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
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    • Added: March 18, 2022