Prevotella pallens

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Prevotella pallens is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 6 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 37.4%. Prevotella pallens is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Kononen1998; Shah2010Bergeys)



  • This organism has been recovered from oral flora and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Kononen1998); (Shah2010Bergeys);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • gelatin;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Doesn't tolerate 20% bile
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; maltose; raffinose; sucrose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; fucosidase; α-glucosidase; Glu-Glu arylamidase; Leu-Gly arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Kononen1998); (Shah2010Bergeys);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; succinate; isovalerate (minor); indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • Pigments:
  • light brown
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Kononen1998);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ertapenem; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; erythromycin;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; levofloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; colistin;

  • Prevotella species at mucosal sites to localized and systemic disease, including periodontitis, bacterial vaginosis, rheumatoid arthritis, metabolic disorders and low_grade systemic inflammation. Intriguingly, Prevotella abundance is reduced within the lung microbiota of patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Increased Prevotella abundance is associated with augmented T helper type 17 (Th17) _mediated mucosal inflammation, which is in line with the marked capacity of Prevotella in driving Th17 immune responses in vitro. Studies indicate that Prevotella predominantly activate Toll_like receptor 2, leading to production of Th17_polarizing cytokines by antigen_presenting cells, including interleukin_23 (IL_23) and IL_1. Furthermore, Prevotella stimulate epithelial cells to produce IL_8, IL_6 and CCL20, which can promote mucosal Th17 immune responses and neutrophil recruitment. Prevotella_mediated mucosal inflammation leads to systemic dissemination of inflammatory mediators, bacteria and bacterial products, which in turn may affect systemic disease outcomes. [PMID: 28542929]

  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website]

    Prevotella species are anaerobic Gram_negative bacteria of the Bacteroidetes phylum, which also includes the clinically important genera Bacteroides and Porphyromonas. Prevotella strains are classically considered commensal bacteria due to their extensive presence in the healthy human body and their rare involvement in infections. Only a few strains have been reported to give rise to opportunistic endogenous infections, including chronic infections, abscesses and anaerobic pneumonia. [PMID: 28542929]

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Bacteroidia Order:  Bacteroidales Family:  Prevotellaceae Genus:  Prevotella Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  light brown
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  oral flora and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  37.4
    Bile reaction(%):  20(neg)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg D-Arabinose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Sucrose:  + Aesculin:  neg Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Urease:  neg G6PDH6PGDH:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  + α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  vr GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  + GluGluAA:  + GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Succinate:  + Isovalerate:  minor(+) Indole:  + Pigment:  light brown
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.015-0.25)
    penicillin_G:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 16, RNG: (≤0.03-16)
    piper-taz:  S(≤0.06/≤0.06)
    ertapenem:  S(0.125/0.25)
    cefalexin:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.125-16)
    kanamycin:  Var
    azithromycin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.03, MIC90: 0.06, RNG: (≤0.03-0.06)
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.03, MIC90: 0.06, RNG: (≤0.03-0.25)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.5, MIC90: ≤0.5, RNG: (≤0.5-1)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.25-0.5)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  Var(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 8, RNG: (≤0.03-8)
    vancomycin:  Res
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (≤0.03-1)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): ≤0.03, MIC90: ≤0.03, RNG: (≤0.03-≤0.03)
    colistin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PREVOTELLA PALLENS
  • Kononen1998 - Phylogenetic characterization and proposal of a new pigmented species to the genus Prevotella: Prevotella pallens sp. nov.
  • Shah2010Bergeys - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 4, The Bacteroidetes. Family Prevotellaceae, Genus I. Prevotella
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR PREVOTELLA PALLENS
  • Bik2006 - Molecular analysis of the bacterial microbiota in the human stomach.
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
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    • Added: April 08, 2021