Prevotella rara

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Prevotella rara is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. The DNA G+C content is 45.7%. Prevotella rara is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Efimov2018)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (Efimov2018). Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Efimov2018);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; gelatin;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Doesn't tolerate 20% bile
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at pH 7-8.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 32℃; grows at 42℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; glucose; rhamnose; xylose; cellubiose; maltose; raffinose; sucrose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; Ala-Phe-Pro arylamidase; arabinosidase; α-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; Glu-Glu arylamidase; Leu-Gly arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Efimov2018);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; succinate (major); isovalerate (trace);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • Pigments:
  • light brown
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Efimov2018);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid;
  • ampicillin; cloxacillin; oxacillin; penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoxitin;
  • cefotaxime;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; levofloxacin;
  • norfloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin;
  • Prevotella species at mucosal sites to localized and systemic disease, including periodontitis, bacterial vaginosis, rheumatoid arthritis, metabolic disorders and low_grade systemic inflammation. Intriguingly, Prevotella abundance is reduced within the lung microbiota of patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Increased Prevotella abundance is associated with augmented T helper type 17 (Th17) _mediated mucosal inflammation, which is in line with the marked capacity of Prevotella in driving Th17 immune responses in vitro. Studies indicate that Prevotella predominantly activate Toll_like receptor 2, leading to production of Th17_polarizing cytokines by antigen_presenting cells, including interleukin_23 (IL_23) and IL_1. Furthermore, Prevotella stimulate epithelial cells to produce IL_8, IL_6 and CCL20, which can promote mucosal Th17 immune responses and neutrophil recruitment. Prevotella_mediated mucosal inflammation leads to systemic dissemination of inflammatory mediators, bacteria and bacterial products, which in turn may affect systemic disease outcomes. [PMID: 28542929]
  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website] Prevotella species are anaerobic Gram_negative bacteria of the Bacteroidetes phylum, which also includes the clinically important genera Bacteroides and Porphyromonas. Prevotella strains are classically considered commensal bacteria due to their extensive presence in the healthy human body and their rare involvement in infections. Only a few strains have been reported to give rise to opportunistic endogenous infections, including chronic infections, abscesses and anaerobic pneumonia. [PMID: 28542929]

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Bacteroidia Order:  Bacteroidales Family:  Prevotellaceae Genus:  Prevotella Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  light brown
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (Efimov2018)
    DNA G+C(%):  45.7
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Mid T(℃):  32(+)
    High T(℃):  42(+)
    Opt. pH:  7-8
    Bile reaction(%):  20(neg)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Glycerol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg α-Arab:  + α-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + AlanineAA:  + AlaPheProAA:  + GluGluAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Succinate:  Major(+) Isovalerate:  trace(+) Indole:  neg Pigment:  light brown
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  Sens
    ampicillin:  Res
    cloxacillin:  Res
    oxacillin:  Res
    penicillin_G:  Res
    cefotaxime:  Res
    cefoxitin:  Sens
    amikacin:  Res
    azithromycin:  Sens
    ciprofloxacin:  Sens
    levofloxacin:  Sens
    norfloxacin:  Res
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  Sens
    vancomycin:  Sens
    metronidazole:  Sens
    clindamycin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR PREVOTELLA RARA
  • Efimov2018 - Prevotella rara sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.
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    • Added: July 12, 2021